A knitted fabric strain sensor made from silver-plated conductive yarn and nylon spandex covered yarn is presented. Ten sensing zones are embedded into the fabricated running tights throughweft knitting technology. Physical activity tests are conducted to establish the linear relationship between the angle of the knee joint and the change in resistance of the sensing zones. A corresponding change in resistance relative knee joint movement is applied to identify three kinds of knee joint dynamics, namely, walking, sitting, and squatting, as well as four kinds of movement modes under the walking state of knee joint, including running, walking, climbing, and descending steps. The middle sensor region of the knee joint also has an obvious influence on the sensing performance of knee joint movement. Four modes of motion are extracted. Maximum resistance, average resistance, variance resistance, and median resistance are the main resistance characteristic values. Two kinds of motion cycles, namely, stand phase and swing phase, are the main time characteristic values. This thesis cites the decision tree algorithm and describes the method of realizing gait recognition.
The dynamic equivalent resistance is a major index that determines the sensing performance of knitted strain sensors, and has the characteristics of in-plane and three-dimensional curved strain sensing. Therefore, in addition to establishing the in-plane equivalent resistance, it is necessary to establish a three-dimensional equivalent resistance model to fully explain the surface sensing performance. This project establishes two equivalent resistance models of knitted strain sensors under in-plane deformation and one equivalent resistance model of three-dimensional curved surface strain. Based on the length of resistance and the geometric topological structure, an in-plane strain macro–micro equivalent resistance model and a topological equivalent resistance model are established, respectively. In addition, a three-dimensional curved surface equivalent resistance model is created based on the volume resistance. By comparing the theoretical model with the experimental data, the results prove that the proposed in-plane and three-dimensional models can be utilized to calculate the resistance change of knitted strain sensors. Length resistance, coil transfer, and curved surface deformation depth are the main factors that affect the equivalent resistance of knitted strain sensors.
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