Single-atom alloys (SAAs) make up a special class of alloy surface catalysts that offer well-defined, isolated active sites in a more inert metal host. The dopant sites are generally assumed to have little or no influence on the properties of the host metal, and transport of chemical reactants and products to and from the dopant sites is generally assumed to be facile. Here, by performing density functional theory calculations and surface science experiments, we identify a new physical effect on SAA surfaces, whereby adsorption is destabilized by ≤300 meV on host sites within the perimeter of the reactive dopant site. We identify periodic trends for this behavior and demonstrate a zone of exclusion around the reactive sites for a range of adsorbates and combinations of host and dopant metals. Experiments confirm an increased barrier for diffusion of CO toward the dopant on a RhCu SAA. This effect offers new possibilities for understanding and designing active sites with tunable energetic landscapes surrounding them.
As film-forming agents, fillers and adsorbents, microplastics are often added to daily personal care products. Because of their chemical stability, they remain in the environment for thousands of years, endangering the safety of the environment and human health. Therefore, it is urgent to find an environmentally friendly substitute for microplastics. Using n-octyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as silicon sources, a novel, environmentally friendly, organic hollow mesoporous silica system is designed with a high loading capacity and excellent adsorption characteristics in this work. In our methodology, sandalwood essential oil (SEO) was successfully loaded into the nanoparticle cavities, and was involved in the formation of Pickering emulsion as well, with a content of up to 40% (w/w). The developed system was a stable carrier for the dispersion of SEO in water. This system can not only overcome the shortcomings of poor water solubility and volatility of sandalwood essential oil, but also act as a microplastic substitute with broad prospects in the cosmetics and personal care industry, laying a foundation for the preparation and applications of high loading capacity microcapsules in aqueous media.
The adsorption of particles on cotton affects its performance. Investigating the factors that affect particle adsorption on cotton can provide valuable insights into the adsorption process. By characterizing morphology, composition, structure, surface energy, and specific surface area, this study explores the adsorption of poly (butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) nanocapsules (NCs) on cotton via impregnation, including a preliminary study on the effect of concentration on adsorption. The results yield the following conclusions: (i) the viscosity of the PBMA emulsion increases with concentration, resulting in heightened particle adsorption on cotton and a thicker film after drying; (ii) the acidity and heat resistance of the cotton increase, owing to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups in PBMA and cotton and the increased hydrogen bonding interactions with adsorption; (iii) although the adsorption of PBMA NCs on cotton fibers causes a slight decrease in crystallinity and crystal plane spacing, the cotton retains impressive hydrophilicity, wettability, air permeability, and a porous structure. Based on these results, the study proposes a novel approach for the development of functional textiles.
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