Coronal jets represent important manifestations of ubiquitous solar transients, which may be the source of significant mass and energy input to the upper solar atmosphere and the solar wind. While the energy involved in a jet-like event is smaller than that of "nominal" solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), jets share many common properties with these phenomena, in particular, the explosive magnetically driven dynamics. Studies of jets could, therefore, provide critical insight for understanding the larger, more complex drivers of the solar activity. On the other side of the size-spectrum, the study of jets could also supply important clues on the physics of transients close or at the limit of the current spatial resolution such as spicules. Furthermore, jet phenomena may hint to basic process for heating the corona and accelerating the solar wind; consequently their study gives us the opportunity to attack a broad range of solar-heliospheric problems.Comment: 53 pages, 24 figure

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By introducing motivic Milnor fibers at infinity of polynomial maps, we propose some methods for the study of nilpotent parts of monodromies at infinity. The numbers of Jordan blocks in the monodromy at infinity will be described by the Newton polyhedron at infinity of the polynomial.

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We give explicit formulas for the dimensions and the degrees of A-discriminant varieties introduced by Gelfand-Kapranov-Zelevinsky [14]. Our formulas can be applied also to the case where the A-discriminant varieties are higher-codimensional and their degrees are described by the geometry of the configurations A. Moreover combinatorial formulas for the Euler obstructions of general (not necessarily normal) toric varieties will be also given.