This study was carried out with the aim of determining the effects of wheatgrass lengths on antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of wheatgrass belonging to different cultivars (Triticum spp.) in laboratory conditions in 2017. When the wheat seedlings grown in plastic containers under soilless conditions reached three levels of wheatgrass length (5-6, 8-9, and 11-12 cm), the seedlings were cut from the root collar and dried in an oven. As a result of analysis of the dried material, it was found that the cut lengths of wheatgrass significantly (P < 0.01) affected antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of wheatgrass. Ten wheat cultivars belonging to Triticum monococcum L., T. durum L., and T. aestivum L. were used. Wheatgrass was cut at three lengths (5-6, 8-9, and 11-12 cm). It was found that the wheatgrass lengths had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on antioxidant and total phenolic content of wheatgrass. In addition, in terms of these traits, the most suitable wheatgrass length for cutting changed depending on the wheat species and also cultivars. The highest (P < 0.01) antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were also determined at three wheatgrass lengths in cultivar Sarıbaşak. The average values obtained from Sarıbaşak wheatgrass were 31.0% for DPPH-free radical scavenging activity and 51.6 mg GAE-1 dry weight for TPC. The results of the analysis suggested that Sarıbaşak is the most promising cultivar in terms of both antioxidant activity and TPC in wheatgrass.
This study was carried out in Rize province in 2016, on fresh leaf samples collected from an organic tea plantation. In this study, the aim was to determine the effect of pruning age (1st year, 3rd year and 5th year following the last pruning) and diurnal variability on antioxidant activity and dry matter rate in tea leaves depending on shoot periods. When the pruning age was considered, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from the plants which were in 5th pruning age in the 1st shoot period with 4991,1 μmol FeSO4/g dw. In terms of the same trait, the effect of pruning age on antioxidant activity during the 2nd shoot period was insignificant, while the highest antioxidant activity in the third shoot period was obtained from 1st pruning age with 7229.2 μmol FeSO4/g dw. As a general average, considering intraday collecting time, antioxidant activity in leaves collected in morning (07.00) and at noon (12.00) was very close to each other, while the collected leaves in the evening (17.00) had higher values. The dry matter rates obtained from the 1st, 3rd and 5th pruning ages were 23.45%, 25.23% and 25.45% respectively. When the shoot period was considered, the lowest dry matter rate was 20.17% in the first shoot period and the highest dry matter rate was 28.8% in the 2nd shoot period and high values were obtained from the leaves collected at noon.
Ülkemiz Çay tarım alanlarında bilinçsizce yapılan gübrelemeler toprak yapısının bozulmasına ve ürün kalitesinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, toprak ve yaprak analizleri yapılarak, elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda çay üreticilerine örnek olabilecek bir gübreleme programının oluşturulması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Üreticilerin yaygın olarak uyguladığı 100 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübrelemesi yanında, 70 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübre, 70 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübre + (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn), 70 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübre + (Kalsiyum Karbonat), 70 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübre + (Magnezyum Karbonat + Kalsiyum Karbonat) ve 70 kg/da 25-5-10 kompoze gübre + (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Kalsiyum Karbonat) uygulamaları yapılarak, çay bitkisi için önemli olan mikro besin elementleri de gübreleme programına dahil edilmiştir. Doğal kil minerali olan kaolinin % 3 ve % 6’lık dozlarının da denendiği çalışmada, yapılan tüm uygulamaların yaş ve kuru çay verimi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, üreticinin çayda kullanmış olduğu gübre miktarı % 30 oranında azaltıldığı halde yaprak ve toprak analizleri doğrultusunda uygulanan mikro besin elementlerinin ilavesi ve kaolin uygulamaları ile verim ve kalite kayıplarının yaşanmadığı görülmüş, sürdürülebilir çay tarımı bakımından önemli bulgular elde edilmiştir.
Long-term intensive tea cultivation is suspected of deteriorating soil quality status and degrading land sustainability. This study aimed to determine the soil quality index of soils in a micro-catchment in Rize Province, Turkey, used for long-term intensive tea cultivation, by means of spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA) and standard scoring function (SSF) integrated with geographical information system (GIS) and geostatistics, considering bio-physical-chemical properties of a detailed soil dataset. Soil samples (102) were collected from the surface layer (0–20 cm). In the soil quality index for tea-cultivated soils (TSQI), soil indicators were weighted by an analytical hierarchy. Various indicator units were normalized with the SSF. The TSQI model was divided into five main criteria: (i) physical properties, (ii) chemical properties, (iii) fertility, (iv) biological indicators and (v) soil erosion susceptibility parameters. Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied and minimum dataset (MDS) created to determine the most effective indicators. The spatial distribution pattern of the tea total dataset soil quality index (TSQITDS) and tea minimum dataset soil quality index (TSQIMDS) values were statistically similar. TSQITDS low and very low-class areas accounted for 34.1% of the total area, while TSQIMDS low and very low-class areas constituted 33.6%. These areas, especially those with low soil quality properties, were in the northern and north-western parts of the micro-catchment. TSQITDS very high and high-class areas accounted for 56.2% of the total area, while TSQIMDS very high and high-class areas were found in 55.3% of the total area. These areas are located in the south of the micro-catchment.
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