Spinal anaesthesia (SA) is one of the oldest and most common regional anaesthesia techniques used in lower abdominal and extremity surgery. It is advantageous because it provides adequate analgesia and muscle relaxation, is easy to apply, does not affect mental functions, causes less bleeding, patients are mobilised earlier, and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis is low. However, it has
Recent innovations in point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technologies have paved a critical road for the improved application of biomedicine through the deployment of accurate and affordable programs into resource-scarce settings. The utilization of antibodies as a bio-recognition element in POC devices is currently limited due to obstacles associated with cost and production, impeding its widespread adoption. One promising alternative, on the other hand, is aptamer integration, i.e., short sequences of single-stranded DNA and RNA structures. The advantageous properties of these molecules are as follows: small molecular size, amenability to chemical modification, low- or nonimmunogenic characteristics, and their reproducibility within a short generation time. The utilization of these aforementioned features is critical in developing sensitive and portable POC systems. Furthermore, the deficiencies related to past experimental efforts to improve biosensor schematics, including the design of biorecognition elements, can be tackled with the integration of computational tools. These complementary tools enable the prediction of the reliability and functionality of the molecular structure of aptamers. In this review, we have overviewed the usage of aptamers in the development of novel and portable POC devices, in addition to highlighting the insights that simulations and other computational methods can provide into the use of aptamer modeling for POC integration.
Background
Dental caries is the most common progressive chronic disease in school-age children with an increasing prevalence as children grow up. This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, parental education level, oral and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren.
Methods
The sample of the study consisted of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools, which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status.
Results
It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The frequency of seeing a dentist, the status of receiving oral and dental health education and the frequency of changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status. Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing. It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are higher. There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements and parental education level.
Conclusions
Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and parental socioeconomic status and education level were shown to be effective on caries risk.
Background
This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, oral, and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren.
Methods
The sample of the study consisted of a total of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews via a questionnaire form. Dentist determined DMFT and dmft indices of the children. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) package program was used to analyze the data.
Results
It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The number of girls with caries in permanent teeth and boys with caries in milk teeth was higher (p < 0.05). The frequency of seeing a dentist and changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing (p < 0.05). It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are lower (p < 0.05). There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements.
Conclusion
Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and socioeconomic status were shown to be effective on caries. Caries risk assessment and determining leading risk factors enable effective prevention programs to be implemented at different levels.
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