Daun Gatal (Laportea spp) is one of the shrubs that are widely distributed in Papua from the coast to the mountains. Daun Gatal (Laportea spp) has been used for generations by the Papuan people as painkillers. Daun Gatal (Laportea spp) contains compounds monoxide, tryptophan, histidine, alkaloids, flavonoids, formic acid, and anthraquinones. This content is called "antacid" because it gives a sensation like being bitten by an ant. There are many itchy leaves in the village but often they are just left to dry, wither, die, and even be thrown away. The value of this leaf is very large if it is developed not only as an itchy leaf sheet but as a pharmaceutical product. (Simaremare, et al, 2019). This is supported by several research results stating that itchy leaf extract contains compounds of the alkaloid group, glycosides, steroids (Simaremare, 2014), also contains triterpenoid compounds and formic acid (Chrystomo, et al., 2016) and (Krisna and Santanina, 2019) which states that itchy leaves provide antibacterial activity. The type of research used is experimental research. The research design used was a randomized control group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study was white mice. The samples used in this study were white mice that had met the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were female mice, bodyweight 20-30grams, age 2-4 months while the exclusion criteria. Included in the exclusion criteria in this study were mice that were sick or died in the study conditions. The results of the Extraction of Daun Gatal (Laportea Decumana), namely the itchy leaf sample that has been weighed at a concentration of 25% obtained from a mixture of itching leaf extract (25 grams) added with water (30 ml) produces 18.5 ml. Itchy leaf extract at a concentration of 50 % was obtained from a mixture of itchy leaf extract (50 grams) added with water (30 ml) to produce 20.1 ml. Gatak leaf extract at a concentration of 75% was obtained from a mixture of itching leaf extract (75 grams) added with water (30 ml) to produce 24.3 ml. The extraction method used is extracting the extract of itchy leaves. This method was chosen because the process is simple and does not involve heating so that it can prevent damage to chemical compounds that are not resistant to heating, especially flavonoids contained in itchy leaves. Based on the results of the data on the difference in wound diameter of mice, it showed that Treatment Group 1 with 25% itching leaf extract and Treatment Group 2 with 50% itching leaf extract almost had the same healing rate. Meanwhile, Treatment Group 3 with 75% itching leaf extract had the fastest healing rate among other concentrations. In contrast to Treatment Group 3, the control group had a much longer healing rate among other concentrations.
Pedoman ini merupakan panduan bagi mahasiswa program studi teknik sipil Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong dalam menempuh praktikum mata kuliah Pengelolaan Kualitas Air .
AbstrakAcanthaster planci (A.planci) merupakan pemangsa karang yang sangat berbahaya, yang dapat mengganggu ekosistem terumbu karang jika terjadi peledakan populasi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengendalian populasi A.planci. Duri A.planci menghasilkan racun yang menggandung fosfolipase-A 2 (PLA 2 ) (Shiomi et al., 1998) AbstractAcanthaster planci is an extremely dangerous corallivores, especially its dramatic outbreak that disrupt the ecosystem of coral reefs. Therefore necessary to control A.planci population. A.planci spines venom contain phospholiphase-A 2 (Shiomi et al., 1998), that can be used as an antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant and help lipid metabolism. So that venom can be used for medical and pharmaceutical fields. Utilization of A.planci spines venom can be a solution for population control A.planci. In this study, the isolation of PLA 2 is in accordance with the method of Savitri et al, 2011 and modification of Savitri method which is without heating of crude venom. Specific activity of PLA 2 from Papua's A.planci spines venom which isolation process with heating technique is decrease. Result of isolation PLA 2 with modification of Savitri method obtain in 20% ammonium sulfate fractination with specific activity 26,67 units/mg of protein and purity factor 37 times of crude venom. Assay of the influence cation as a cofactor againts specific activity of PLA 2 obtain Ca 2 + independent characteristic.
Sungai Klasaman terletak di Distrik Sorong Timur Kota Sorong, dan melewati 2 kelurahan yaitu Klawuyuk dan Klawalu. Jumlah penduduk kedua kelurahan tersebut pada tahun 2016 mencapai 18.008 jiwa. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan peningkatan kegiatan ekonomi pada Sungai Klasaman menyebabkan buangan limbah yang membuat peningkatan pencemaran air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui status mutu dan baku mutu kelas pada sungai dan pengaruh tata ruang bantaran sungai. Analisa yang digunakan adalah metode STORET dan pemetaan menggunakan software Arghis 10.3. Hasil penelitian adalah baku mutu kelas air Sungai Klasaman bagian hulu memenuhi baku mutu kelas II, III, dan IV, status mutu air cemar sedang (-12), pada daerah tengah sungai memenuhi baku mutu kelas III dan IV, status mutu air cemar sedang (-18) sedangkan kondisi hilir memenuhi baku mutu kelas IV, status mutu air cemar sedang (-21). Pencemaran air Sungai Klasaman adalah dari limbah rumah tangga, limbah industri perumahan, dan sampah organik maupun anorganik.
<p class="StyleE-JOURNALAbstrakKeywordsBold">The extraction of active substances from ant nests can be affected by various extraction methods, whether conventional or sonication. Sample extraction was carried out by maceration and ultrasonic methods with the use of solvents to yield flavonoid compounds. The solvents used were aquadest, 70% ethanol and n-hexane, with a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:50 (w/v). The highest flavonoid content of 14% was obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, with aquadest as the solvent and at operating conditions of 24 minutes at a temperature of 40<sup>o</sup>C. Due to their high aquadest solubility and the presence of one or more sulphate ions that are bound to the hydroxyl phenol or sugar, the flavonoids produced are classified as flavonoid sulphate.</p>
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