Agriculture cultivation systems and farmer's income are the crucial issues in many agriculture-based developing countries. Our previous study proved that the polyculture system positively affects land productivity and land-use efficiency. This research investigated the relationship between intercropping farming systems and farmer's income. We hypothesized that the intercropping farming system increases farmer's income compared to monoculture. The farming income analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and STATA software. The results showed that the farmer's income derived from the intercropping farming system differs from monoculture. Based on the T-test, the intercropping farming system provided a higher income. Intercropping farming systems that have higher plant diversity, contributed to higher farmer income from different plant yields. Farmers that applied the intercropping system would harvest of 2-3 different plants from one cultivated land at the same time with regular planting distance. These indicated that the intercropping farming system reduces the risk of loss due to price fluctuations of products and the higher input costs during the production process.
Cropping pattern systems can affect the level of productivity of land, land use by applying the right cropping system is not only able to increase production but can improve the efficiency of use of space and time. The polyculture (intercropping) system of secondary crops is a potential model to be developed. The needs of secondary crops such as corn and soybeans in Indonesia have increased from year to year, but their production has not been able to meet market demand. This is due to reduced agricultural land for cultivation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficiency of land use of polyculture systems of secondary crops carried out by highland and lowland farmers. This research was carried out on farmland which carried out the cropping pattern of the polyculture system of secondary crops which was 60 days old. Quantitative descriptive research method through surveys using questionnaires. The results showed that the highest value of land equality (NKL) occurred in corn-peanuts. The soil was 5.7 and the lowest was polyculture systems of green beans (1.5). This study suggests that farmers in both regions, a highland and lowland farmers, are given socialization and training on maximum land use so that they can increase knowledge and increase farmer household income.
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