Introduction. To assess the efficacy of the autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) combined with autologous bone or bone substitute for the maxillary sinus floor lifting by a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods. Electronic databases (PUBMED, Web of Science, EMBASE through OVID, and Cochrane Library) were searched until Dec 31, 2019, and only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English were identified. Outcome variables included histologic evaluation, the implant stability quotient values, and radiographic evaluation. Data were analyzed by Revman5.3; the estimate of effect sizes was expressed as the 95% confidence interval; and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Results. 11 RCTs involving 141 patients (214 sites) were included in our meta-analysis, which indicated that the differences in the percentage of contact length among newly formed bone (2.61%, 95% CI, -1.18% to 7.09%), soft tissue area (-0.15%, 95% CI, -0.54% to 0.24%), and residual bone substitute material (-5.10%, 95% CI, -10.56% to 0.36%) in the APC group lacked statistical significance. Besides, there was the same effect on the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of APC group who underwent implant placement 4 months after sinus augmentation and control group who received implant placement 8 months after sinus augmentation (-0.48, 95% CI, -1.68 to 0.72). No significant effect of APCs on the bone density was found (1.05%, 95% CI, -1.69% to 3.82%). Conclusions. The use of APCs in sinus augmentation may be further shorten the time required for bone graft maturation and allow earlier implant placement, but cannot enhance the bone formation in the long term. It is not currently recommended for routine use APCs as an osteoinductive material to bone grafting in sinus augmentation.
Objective. To study the correlation between the level of infection with Streptococcus mutans (SM) and lactobacilli (LB) in saliva with existing status and the development of primary dental caries in 3-year-old children and to evaluate the results of CRT® bacteria as a Caries Risk Test. Methods. A total of 140 3-year-old children were selected for the study. Oral examination was conducted and the levels of infection with SM and LB in saliva were measured using a CRT® bacteria test. Oral reexamination was conducted after two years. The prevalence rate of caries, the decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) and decayed-missing-filled surface (dmfs) indices, and Caries Severity Index (CSI) were calculated at the start and end of the two years. The indices were statistically analyzed. Results. The caries prevalence rate, dmft, dmfs, and CSI increased with increasing levels of CRT-SM and CRT-LB at the start and end of the two years; the increases in dmft, dmfs, and CSI over the period were consistent with the increases in CRT-SM and CRT-LB levels, with all differences being highly statistically significant. The increase in caries prevalence rate over the two years was not statistically different for different CRT-SM and CRT-LB levels. CRT-SM and CRT-LB levels were highly positively correlated with dmft, dmfs, CSI and their increases over the two years. Levels of infection with oral SM and LB were found to be independent risk factors for primary dental caries, respectively. For an SM concentration in saliva of ≥104 CFU/mL and an LB concentration of <104 CFU/mL, the risk of caries increased by approximately 2.8-fold. When the concentration of LB in saliva was ≥104 CFU/mL and that of SM <104 CFU/mL, the risk of caries increased by approximately 3.9-fold. When the concentration of both SM and LB was ≥104 CFU/mL, the risk increased by approximately 10.9-fold. Conclusions. Significant positive correlations were found between the level of infection with oral SM and LB and existing oral decay status and the trend in the development of primary dental caries. Infection with SM and LB significantly increased the risk of caries in primary teeth. The CRT® bacteria is a simple, convenient, reliable, and effective Caries Risk Test.
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