The low level of literacy of the Indonesian students has become a major nation-wide concern in Indonesia. The 2015 PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) result showed that Indonesian students’ literacy level in English was one of the lowest in the world. Gerakan Literasi Nasional (GLN) was established in 2016 as one of the possible solutions to increase the Indonesian students’ literacy level. The extensive reading programs done in the schools and in the universities described here is in line with GLN’s vision and mission, in that the Extensive Reading programs and activities play a tremendous role in the schools’ and communities’ effort to create more established, well-planned actions to increase the students’ literacy level. Therefore, this paper will discuss two objectives: (1) describing steps to establish a successful Extensive Reading program at Indonesian schools and (2) reporting factors that contribute to the success of an extensive reading program. The findings of this research revealed how extensive reading activities supported the success of GLN through the creation of extensive reading programs within and outside the curriculum, and how schools and home literacy culture could be contributing factors to the success of this program.
Peer feedback in EFL setting has become an interesting area to explore in the past thirty years. This study reviews 16 empirical research studies on offline peer feedback in college EFL writing. There are 4 research questions addressed in this study, namely (1) what types of peer feedback are mostly researched in the past 10 years?, (2) what kinds of research objectives are addressed?, (3) what kinds of data collection and analysis methods are implemented to address the research questions?, and (4) what are methodological challenges reported in the studies reviewed? The researchers employed Norris and Ortega (2006) characteristics of systematic research synthesis and followed a chapter from Adolescent Literacies in a Multicultural Context edited by Cumming (2012). The findings show that there are four criteria of feedback types mainly involved: written/spoken, in-class/out-of-class, anonymous/non-anonymous, and trained/untrained. Most of these studies are designed to explore the students perceptions toward peer feedback processes and products, with qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methodologies. Furthermore, the methodological challenges emerged from these studies are discussed, especially the ethical issues. It is hoped that the research gaps identified in these studies and future research implications provided can shed light on future research in similar areas.
This study reports types of imagined identities that pre-service foreign language teachers construct during their preparation of becoming teachers in a pre-service course named Micro Teaching. This course specifically facilitates pre-service teachers to implement some theories of teaching in the previous semesters into practice. Revealing what kinds of teachers they imagine in the future is believed to have greater impact on the pre-service teachers' professional development (Chong & Low, 2009). The researcher analyzed 19 pre-service teachers' reflective journals to find out their imagined professional identities. The identities were then coded using the framework of imagined professional identity by Xu (2013) that fell into three categories: language expert, learning facilitator, and spiritual guide. The result showed that the three categories appeared in their reflective journals. However, the dominant imagined identity constructed throughout the semester was teachers as learning facilitators. It indicates that the pre-service teachers' concept of teaching is shifted from the traditional concept which emphasizes teacher control into recognition of self-initiated learning.
This study reports types of imagined identities that pre-service foreign language teachers construct during their preparation of becoming teachers in a pre-service course named Micro Teaching. This course specifically facilitates pre-service teachers to implement some theories of teaching in the previous semesters into practice. Revealing what kinds of teachers they imagine in the future is believed to have greater impact on the pre-service teachers professional development (Chong Low, 2009). The researcher analyzed 19 pre-service teachers reflective journals to find out their imagined professional identities. The identities were then coded using the framework of imagined professional identity by Xu (2013) that fell into three categories: language expert, learning facilitator, and spiritual guide. The result showed that the three categories appeared in their reflective journals. However, the dominant imagined identity constructed throughout the semester was teachers as learning facilitators. It indicates that the pre-service teachers concept of teaching is shifted from the traditional concept which emphasizes teacher control into recognition of self-initiated learning.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200107
Reading has become a major concern of EFL educators. Reading does not only help students learn foreign languages, but it is also believed that it has a strong link with critical thinking skills. A reader response approach in collaborative works, adapted from literary theory, is believed to be beneficial for the students. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the answers to these two questions: (1) how are the collaborative reader responses implemented in Critical Reading and Writing II? and (2) To what extent does reader response approaches promote students critical thinking skills? With these questions in mind, the researchers collect the data by involving 24 participants from CRW II (Critical Reading and Writing) class. The data gathered from classroom observations, online archives and students reflections are analyzed descriptively, using qualitative case study method. It is hoped that the implementation of this approach can be useful not only to improve students reading skills, but also to provide more opportunity for students to exercise their critical thinking skills.
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