Carbohydrate-binding module Binding preference Soluble starch hydrolysis a b s t r a c t A novel starch-binding domain (SBD) that represents a new carbohydrate-binding module family (CBM69) was identified in the a-amylase (AmyP) of the recently established alpha-amylase subfamily GH13_37. The SBD and its homologues come mostly from marine bacteria, and phylogenetic analysis indicates that they are closely related to the CBM20 and CBM48 families. The SBD exhibited a binding preference toward raw rice starch, but the truncated mutant (AmyP DSBD ) still retained similar substrate preference. Kinetic analyses revealed that the SBD plays an important role in soluble starch hydrolysis because different catalytic efficiencies have been observed in AmyP and the AmyP DSBD .
Four Keggin-based coordination polymers, namely, {[Cu2(4,4'-bpy)(4,4'-Hbpy)4(H2O)4](SiW12O40)2(H2O)4}n (1), {[Cu2(4,4'-bpy)(4,4'-Hbpy)6(SiW12O40)3](4,4'-Hbpy)2(H2O)7}n (2), {[Cu2(mu2-H2O)2(4,4'-bpy)3(SiW12O40)](H2O)6}n (3) and {[Cu2(mu2-OH)(4,4'-bpy)3(SiW12O40)(H2O)] [Cu2(mu2-O)(4,4'-bpy)4(H2O)2]0.5 x (H2O)3}n (4) (4,4'-bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine) were prepared through the hydrothermal reaction of silicotungstic acid, copper(II) nitrate and 4,4'-bipyridine under different pH conditions. Coordination polymers 1 and 2, which exhibit 0D and 1D structures respectively, were prepared at pH = 3.5. At pH = 5.5, a 2D coordination polymer 3 was obtained. Increasing the pH of the reaction to 8.5 led to a 3D coordination polymer 4. The structural diversities of 1-4 reveal that the pH value of the reaction plays a key role in the assembly of POM-based coordination polymers. Investigation of the catalytic properties of 1-4 for the oxidation of ethylbenzene indicates that the catalytic activity of the coordination polymers is closely related to the protonated extent of 4,4'-bpy in the coordination polymers.
The great success of cisplatin as a chemotherapeutic agent considerably increased research efforts in inorganic biochemistry to identify more metallic drugs having the potential of treating lung cancer. Metal coordination centres, which exhibit a wide range of coordination numbers and geometries, various oxidised and reduced states and the inherent ligand properties offer pharmaceutical chemists a plethora of drug structures. Owing to the presence of C=N and C=S bonds in a thiosemicarbazone Schiff base, N and S atoms in its hybrid orbital has lone pair of electrons, which can generate metal complexes with different stabilities with most metal elements under certain conditions. Such ligands and complexes play key roles in the treatment of anti-lung cancer. Research regarding metallic anti-lung cancer has advanced considerably, but there remain several challenges. In this review, we discuss the potential of thiosemicarbazone Schiff base complexes as anti-lung cancer drugs, their anti-cancer activities and the most likely action mechanisms involving the recent families of copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium and other complexes.
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