Group Corp., physical model experimental research on slag splashing has been carried out. The eVects of top blowing Slag splashing, which is a new technology to parameters, bottom stirring parameters, slag properties and increase converter lining life, has achieved lance structure on slag splashing were investigated. The significant economic and environmental results. Via optimum technological parameters of slag splashing in a a converter model of Steelmaking Plant no. 3 of converter were determined. This would provide a theoretical An-Shan Iron and Steel Group Corp., physical basis for the extension and application of slag splashing. model experimental research on slag splashing was carried out. The effects of top blowing parameters, bottom stirring parameters, slag properties and EXPERIMENTAL METHOD lance structure on slag splashing are discussed. Establishment of physical model The optimum slag amount is 11% under the When a converter model of slag splashing is to be established, experimental conditions investigated. The geometric and dynamic similarity should be considered. secondary nozzles of the lance have a detrimentalFirst, a physical model was designed to ensure geometric effect on slag splashing. The nozzle angle of the similarity. The main geometric parameters of the model lance has a significant effect: the 12°lance and the industrial plant are given in Table 1. obviously achieves much better results than the In the course of researching slag splashing in a converter, 14·5°lance. Bottom stirring is not only beneficial, the impact of a top blown gas jet and a bottom stirring but also can effectively control overslag of the gas jet on liquid slag was mainly considered. The bath furnace bottom and increase the life of bottom liquid was in a state of highly turbulent ow. The major tuyeres. It is also advantageous to increase the factors governing slag splashing were not the viscosity and bottom stirring gas flow appropriately. When the surface tension of the liquid slag, but the inertial force of optimum lance height from the physical model is the gas jet. Therefore, a modi ed Froude number Fr was applied in plant, the lance height must be modified.chosen for the main similarity criteria 6 ,7 The modification factor is 0·85-0·95. The modification factor should be smaller for higher Fr m = Fr p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) viscosity slag and greater for lower viscosity slag.where subscripts m and p represent the model and the There is a gestation time for slag splashing. In the industrial plant, respectively. gestation time, the temperature of the slag is decreased and the viscosity of the slag is increased; u2 m gL m r m , g r m ,l r m ,g = u2 p gL p r p ,g r p ,l r p ,g . . . . . . . (2) at the same time, the slag foams dramatically. The gestation time is 1/4-1/2 of the total slag splashing where u is the super cial velocity, L is the characteristic time. The results of the physical model have already length, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and r g and r l been applied to plant operation. At ...