SUMMARYThe main objective of the present work is to give the systematic way for derivation of Kirchhoff plate-elastic foundation interaction by mixed-type formulation using the GaL teaux differential instead of well-known variational principles of Hellinger-Reissner and Hu-Washizu. Foundation is a Pasternak foundation, and as a special case if shear layer is neglected, it converges to ¼inkler foundation in the formulation. Uniform variation of the thickness of the plate is also included into the mixed finite element formulation of the plate element PLTVE4 which is an isoparametric C class conforming element discretization. In the dynamic analysis, the problem reduces to solution of the standard eigenvalue problem and the mixed element is based upon a consistent mass matrix formulation. The element has four nodes and at each node transverse displacement two bending and one torsional moment is the basic unknowns. Proper geometric and dynamic boundary conditions corresponding to the plate and the foundation is given by the functional. Performance of the element for bending and free vibration analysis is verified with a good accuracy on the numerical examples and analytical solutions present in the literature.
In this study, structural defects of existing 709 reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Eskisehir Province were represented. Structural defects such as gaps between adjacent buildings, strong beam-weak column, mezzanine floor, short column, corner column, discontinuous frame, anchorage beams, long span, segregation, corrosion, inconvenient column/beam lateral reinforcement, low concrete strength and inconvenient steel reinforcement were determined in the study. It was determined that %35 of existing buildings have discontinuous frame, %16 of them have long span problem. It was also observed that nearly %40 of the buildings have no column/beam lateral reinforcement and %70 of them have inadequate gaps.
In this study; specially orthotropic laminated plates are modeled and equilibrium equations are obtained. These equilibrium equations are solved by finite difference method. A computer code is developed for this purpose. Depending on the finite difference mesh size the correct plate mid-point deflection value is determined and displacement of the mid-plane are obtained. Specially orthotropic laminated plates having Navier SS-1 boundary conditions at the four edges are analyzed for various loading conditions. Some examples which are taken from literature are solved and it is observed that our results are in good agreement with them.
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