Unlike all the previous studies on proton decay which worked only in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, we study the effects of the dimension-5 operators in the Supersymmetric Unification Models with left–right symmetry at low energy. The full chargino sector is used for the analysis. Dressing of the RRRR operators by the SU (2)R wino makes important or even dominant contributions to the proton decay modes into charged leptons.
We study a supersymmetric SU(5) model with the extra Higgs multiplets of
45+\bar 45. The unification of the gauge couplings, the fermion masses and the
proton lifetime are discussed in details. The dimension-five operators mediated
by different colored Higgs sector can be destructive with each other. This
effect serves a way of solving the longevity of proton. We analytically analyze
this destructive effect in a special limit where the mixing between the 5- and
45-plets is small. Although the theory does not hold in this special limit, it
is a revelatory starting point. We can relax this limit and retain the
destructive effect. In a generalized parameter space, this model is in accord
with experimental results
We make a detailed analysis on the proton decay in a supersymmetric SO(10) model proposed by K.Babu, I.Gogoladze, P.Nath, and R. Syed. We introduce quark mixing, and find that this model can generate fermion mass without breaking the experimental bound on proton decay. We also predict large CKM unitarity violations.
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