South Sumatra Province is one of the areas in Indonesia which tipped to be prone to the impact of climate change and very vulnerable due to its low-land areas that it may threat coastal, water, agriculture, and health sectors of the province. In Banyuasin District, the current program has been planned deep sea port development in Tanjung Api-api area. Coastal flood hazard components caused by a combination of sea level rise, storms, and La-Nina phenomena on maximum tide. In this study measured tidal hazards due to sea level rise. Risk area generated by layering hazard and vulnerability maps using GIS methods. The results of the risk assessment shows increase risk in the water availability at high risk level with percentage area 38.87% and 46.02% at baseline conditions and projections. Adaptation efforts conducted to overcome the conditions mentioned above is by controlling the arrangement, the addition of retention ponds as a water storage and flood prevention efforts and also maintaining an area of green open space area above 30%. One of the priorities recommended program is a program of development and the development of sanitation where mitigation / adaptation recommended by increasing the efficiency of use of raw water, saving water resource utilization, and environmental sanitation. The results of this study need to be integrated / mainstreamed into development policies and plans regional / local so helpful to the development of a better way to identify the agenda on national plans, provincial and local levels are associated with adaptation to climate change.
Daerah Irigasi Deras II merupakan irigasi teknis dan masuk ke dalam wilayah sungai Air Lakitan yang pengelolaannya merupakan kewenangan Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Daerah irigasi ini mempunyai dua bendung sebagai sumber air irigasi yaitu bendung Moyan dan Bendung Aur yang direncanakan mampu mengairi lahan sawah seluas 928 hektar. Permasalahan yang terjadi di lapangan adalah semula bagian hulu bendung moyan terdapat lahan tidur berupa rawa, pada saat ini rawa tersebut dimanfaatkan kembali oleh petani menjadi lahan sawah dan kolam ikan yang sumber airnya berasal dari sungai deras (hulu bendung Moyan). Dengan adanya pengambilan air ini maka berdampak pada debit air yang masuk ke intake bendung Moyan menjadi berkurang yang mengakibatkan fungsi bendung menjadi kurang maksimal. Selain itu juga pada hulu bendung memiliki permasalahan yang kompleks yang harus ditanggulangi seperti kerusakan lingkungan akibat berbagai aktifitas, penebangan hutan secara liar, konversi hutan dalam skala luas menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit dan kebun karet. Permasalahan sumber daya air memang sulit untuk dihilangkan, namun dapat diminimalkan. Untuk meminimalkan masalah sumber daya air, dewasa ini dilakukan pengelolaan terpadu sumber daya air. Pengelolaan sumberdaya air terpadu (Integrated Water Resources Management/IWRM) saat ini merupakan paradigma dominan untuk pengelolaan air di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Dengan mengetahui permasalahan sumber daya air dalam penegelolaan terpadu melalui pemetaan dinamika permasalahan sumber daya air, maka dapat dibuat konsep awal pengelolaan terpadu daerah irigasi Deras II khususnya pengelolaan terpadu pada bendung Moyan, yang hasilnya dapat dikembangkan guna pengelolaan secara menyeluruh pada daerah irigasi Deras II agar potensi yang ada dapat dimaksimalkan dan permasalahan yang ada dapat diminimalkan, dengan demikian dapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat.
Surface water dynamics at swamp region either in tertiary compartment also at canals very influenced by several conditions, among others: total rainfall, hydro-topography, potential high water overflow, potential drainage, water order network condition, and water order building operation. For that entire components must be evaluated and at analysis to support plants amount of water required fulfillment efforts. The canals need observation data directly at field so that can accurate observation data. In the manner likes this need time, energy and cost big enough. Therefore, computer model use to guess and evaluate network performance is a correct solution. Related to troubleshoot above, so necessary existence to watchfulness besides to evaluate existing drainage system performance in water face control at also necessary channel stability analysis in the effort support operation and channel maintenance. Supposed to this watchfulness can describe according to intact process the happening of erosion and sedimentation at channel, environment service aspect and qualitatively model constructively SOBEK software can explain sedimentation dynamics in canals at tidal swamp region.
Jakabaring and its surrounding which is part of Palembang are also experienced a high level exposure to hazard of inundation, where the area is heavily affected by tides which are mostly swamps, consisting of reclamation and protection swamps that are vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This study aims to determine the level of risk due to inundation hazards that occur in current conditions and projected conditions through risk assessment with spatial approaches and adaptation strategies needed, The vulnerability parameters that used are exposure (topography, land use, infrastructure), adaptation capacity (drainage), sensitivity (population density, education level, age, gender and poverty). In the baseline condition, Jakabaring and its surrounding areas is on moderate level of risk. Meanwhile in the projection condition (2030), Jakabaring and its surrounding areas is on high level of risk. The adaptation strategies due to climate change impact that can be carried out are river normalization, drainage normalization, infiltration measure, pumping, green open space, canalization, bio-pore, water retention ponds, multiplying gardens in residential area, roads enhancement, pavement enhancement, polders along rivers, and supervision of swamp regulations.
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