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A superior structural stability of the ordered mesoporous CoMOx synthesized by using the KIT-6 template was observed under Fischer-Tropsch reaction conditions. The enhanced stability was attributed to a strong interaction of the irreducible metal oxides with the mesoporous Co3O4 by forming Co3O4-ZrO2 (or Co3O4-Al2O3), which resulted in showing a stable activity.

The synergy effects of phosphorus modifier on highly ordered mesoporous binary metal oxides of Co 3 O 4 À Al 2 O 3 (m-CoAl), prepared by nanocasting method using a hard template of KIT-6, were observed by an enhanced catalytic and structural stability of the m-CoAl during CO hydrogenation to hydrocarbons. The enhanced structural stability of the ordered mesoporous structures on the phosphorous-modified m-CoAl at an optimal amount of phosphorous modifier below 0.3 wt%P (P (3)/m-CoAl) was attributed to the partial formation of thermally stable metal phosphates under a reductive Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction condition. The positive effects of the phosphorous modifier were originated from the partially formed SiO 2 -like AlPO 4 phases on the outer surfaces of the m-CoAl, as well as from partially formed irreducible and thermally stable spinel-type cobalt aluminates (CoAl 2 O 4 ). The hydrophobic SiO 2 -like tridymite AlPO 4 surfaces on the ordered matrices of the P/m-CoAl also effectively prevented the heavy wax (or coke precursors) depositions. The structural instability of the P/m-CoAl was observed at a higher phosphorous content above 0.5wt%P by preferentially forming the largely segregated mixed metal oxides such as Co 3 O 4 À CoAl 2 O 4 À Co 3 (PO 4 ) 2 through the phase transformations of the surface excess AlPO 4 .

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