Freeze drying (FD) yields the best quality of dried mushroom but at the cost of a long drying time and high overall cost. Air drying (AD) gives an unacceptably poor quality product. To achieve faster drying along with a high-quality product, a microwave-freeze drying (MFD) technique was developed to dry mushrooms. The relationship between dried mushroom quality and the glass transition temperature during the MFD process was studied to optimize the MFD process. According to the change tendency of the glass transition temperature of mushroom during MFD, a step-down microwave loading scheme for the MFD process was developed to obtain good product quality.
Recently, vacuum far-infrared radiation (VFIR) drying has received more and more attention because of its effective and successful applications in drying agricultural products, fruits and vegetables. Drying characteristics of VFIR drying on Cornus officinalis was studied in this research, and orthogonal regression experiment was designed and carried out. The results showed that with increase of heater’s temperature and decrease of chamber’s pressure, drying rate and loganin content increase, and the influence of heater’s temperature is more significant than that of pressure. With nonlinear programming analysis method, the optimized process parameters are obtained as heater’s temperature 98.6 oC and pressure 1000 Pa, and the corresponding drying time and loganin content are 250 min and 1.18%, respectively.
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