Objective: This study assessed the iodine knowledge of pregnant and lactating women, and the relationship to dietary iodine intake and iodine status. The factors influencing iodine intake were analyzed. Design: Basic information and iodine knowledge were collected via a questionnaire. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) assessed dietary iodine intake. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured using the Arsenic-Cerium Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Iodine in Urine (WS/T 107 -2016). Setting: A cross-sectional study involving pregnant and lactating women in Xinjiang, China was conducted. Participants: A total of 1181 pregnant women and 504 lactating women were enrolled in the study. Results: The median UIC for pregnant and lactating women was 179.27 and 191.40 µg/L, respectively, and the dietary iodine intake was 407.16 and 356.89 µg/day, respectively. Of the pregnant and lactating women, 83.9% and 86.5% had medium iodine knowledge, respectively. In pregnant women, iodine knowledge and dietary iodine intake were positively correlated. High iodine knowledge and iodine education were shown to be protective factors for excessive iodine intake in pregnant women. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the iodine nutritional status of women in Xinjiang was appropriate, and iodine knowledge was at a medium level, but there was confusion about iodine nutrition. Public education is needed to improve iodine knowledge and active iodine supplementation awareness among these populations of women.
Background: Arsenic (As) is an environmental contaminant, and As pollution in water and soil is a public health issue worldwide. As exposure is associated with the incidence of many disorders, such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and renal dysfunction. However, the mechanism of As toxicity remains unclear. Material/Methods: We investigated the changes in serum protein profiles of rats chronically exposed to As. Twenty healthy rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, and sodium arsenite of varying final concentrations (0, 2, 10, and 50 mg/L, respectively) was add into the drinking water for each group. The administration lasted for 3 months. Two proteomic strategies, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), were employed to screen the differential serum proteins between control and arsenite exposure groups. Results: We identified a total of 27 differentially-expressed proteins, among which 9 proteins were significantly upregulated and 18 were downregulated by As exposure. Many of the differentially-expressed proteins were related to fat digestion and absorption, including 5 apolipoproteins, which indicated lipid metabolism may be the most affected by As exposure. Conclusions: This study revealed the influence of As on lipid metabolism, suggesting an increased potential risk of relevant diseases in subjects chronically exposed to As.
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