SummaryThe effects of the low-molecular-weight fraction of Papain-hydrolyzed pork meat (LMF) on the plasma cholesterol level and the generation of atherosclerosis were stud ied in rabbits fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. In LMF-fed rabbits, the plasma and liver choles terol concentrations were both significantly lower (p<0.01) than in rabbits fed untreated pork meat (PM). Similarly, the cholesterol concentrations of the chylomicron and VLDL fractions were significantly lower in LMF-fed rabbits than in rabbits fed PM. Deposition of lipid in transverse sections of the aortic arch was significantly less in rabbits fed LMF than in those fed PM. Electron microscopic studies revealed preventive effects against premature atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta of rabbits fed LMF. These results indicate that LMF has a hypocholesterolemic action and preventive effects against premature atherosclerosis. Key Words New Zealand white rabbits, papain-hydrolyzed pork meat, plasma choles terol, liver cholesterol, premature atherosclerosis Many epidemiological, biochemical, and clinical studies have demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia is one of the most important risk factors for atherosclero sis, which is responsible for coronary heart disease. It is important to improve dietary conditions and/or to de velop new dietary materials if we are first to lower the high level of plasma cholesterol seen in many persons among the general population, then to keep it within the desirable range. Dietary proteins and fat, are impor tant factors in determining the plasma cholesterol level. In animals and humans, soy protein has been shown to be more effective than casein at reducing the serum cholesterol level (1-5). After Sugano et al. (5,6) had found that a protease hydrolyzate of isolated soy protein had a more marked hypocholesterolemic effect than undigested soy protein, Morimatsu et al. (7,8) reported that a papain hydrolyzate of pork meat produced a greater suppression of the plasma cholesterol level than soy protein did in rats with dietary-induced hypercho lesterolemia. The rat, however, is less sensitive to a cho lesterol-rich diet than the rabbit is, and it is difficult to induce a distinct atherosclerosis in the former species
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