Balancing the large
surface area and high crystallinity of heterogeneous
metal oxide catalysts is quite tricky. They are usually needed together
to get both a large amount of active catalytic sites and high thermal
stability. In this paper, the preparation of porous sulfate ZrO2 as solid acid catalysts is reported. The monolithic porous
SiO2 created confined spaces in which porous ZrO2 was synthesized in it. The ZrO2 has excellent porous
structure in which the specific surface area reaches 277 m2 g–1 and has good crystallinity. At the same time,
they have high acid site loading (2.57 mmol g–1)
upon sulfation. The sulfonic ZrO2 exhibits excellent catalytic
performance when considering the dehydration of 5-HMF from d-fructose. The yield of 5-HMF is 87% for 60 min at 120 °C. Thus,
this solid acid catalyst was a potential candidate for heterogeneous
catalysis and biomass quick conversion.
ZrO 2 -based metal oxides are widely used in heterogeneous catalysis. For heterogeneous catalysis, dispersibility is a challenging job. This article reports a facile synthesis method for preparing ZrO 2 -based composite metal oxide fibers based on electrospinning with the assistance of microfluidic chips. The formed fibers have an even distribution of different oxides at the nanometer level. The acidic and alkaline sites of ZrO 2 were significantly increased via the doping of SiO 2 or MgO. These fibers are the ideal catalytic carriers to load iron oxides for the Fenton reaction. Iron elements are highly and evenly dispersed upon the fibers. The catalysts can degrade 500 ppm dye in solutions more than 90% in 45 min and maintain a high degradation rate after recycling.
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