Objective: To clarify the outcomes of elderly patients with COVID-19.Methods: All 265 confirmed adult patients with COVID-19 were included in this retrospective study, 43 (16.2%) of whom were 65 years and older. Electronic medical records of the subjects were reviewed to obtain information on clinical characteristics and outcomes. The allocations of medical resource were also recorded.Results: Only one death case occurred in the elderly. The mortality of elderly patients was no higher than that of young patients (2.3% vs. 0%, P = 0.126). The cure rate was 95.3% in elderly patients and 99.5% in young patients (P = 0.067), and the duration of hospitalization is 27 days in elderly patients and 18 days in young patients (P = 0.001). The elderly suffered from more comorbidities (67.4% vs. 24.8%, P < 0.001), most of which is hypertension. Significantly more severe cases occurred in elderly patients compared with young patients (37.2% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.004). The elderly were more likely to present with complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute myocardial injury, septic shock and acute kidney injury (all P < 0.05), respectively. No medical staffs were infected during the treatment of COVID-19.Conclusion: The cure rate and the mortality of the elderly seemed to be no worse than that of the young, though the elderly were with longer hospitalization. Elderly patients with COVID-19 could be treatable if handled properly. More severe cases and complications in elderly patients should prompt for more complex treatment and special considerations.
Owing to its excellent thermal stability, polyimide (PI) is regarded as one of the most promising alternatives among separators for high-safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Unfortunately, the wettability of the PI separator to electrolytes is still undesirable. The complexation–hydrolyzation method was used to develop a composite membrane with a core–shell structure that anchors γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles on PI nanofiber (PI@γ-Al2O3) as an LIB separator. The effects of surface treatment on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of PI composite membranes are studied in detail, using the pristine PI nanofiber membrane as a reference. The results show that the PI@γ-Al2O3 nanofiber membrane exhibits better physicochemical properties and electrochemical performances. Specifically, the wettability property of the PI@γ-Al2O3 nanofiber membrane is improved with an almost zero contact angle, which significantly meets the requirements of high-performance LIBs. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance of the PI@γ-Al2O3 nanofiber membrane also shows excellent comprehensive properties with the ionic conductivity improving from 0.81 to 1.74 mS cm–1. Besides, the PI@γ-Al2O3 nanofiber membrane maintains a long charge–discharge process with a capacity retention rate of 98% at 0.5 C after 100 cycles. Consequently, the aforementioned excellent performances illustrate that core–shell PI@γ-Al2O3 nanofiber membranes have a promising future for the safety and stability of LIBs.
Introduction: Drug-induced fever is easy to overlook in respiratory departments. High fever is a rare side effect of trihexyphenidyl, which can be used clinically to treat Parkinson's disease. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by various diseases, resulting in water retention and refractory hyponatremia. However, pneumonia combined with malignant hyperthermia and SIADH has rarely been reported. We describe an unusual case of malignant hyperthermia and refractory hyponatremia due to trihexyphenidyl adverse reaction. Patient concerns: Fifty-five-year-old male with pneumonia presented with malignant hyperthermia and refractory hyponatremia has a history of Parkinson's disease. Diagnosis: Early considerations related the described hyperthermia findings to the manifestations of pneumonia. However, the last findings were due to trihexyphenidyl adverse reaction. Interventions: Broad-spectrum antibiotics, oral and intravenous supplement of concentrated sodium chloride, drug, and physical cooling. Outcomes: The patient survived. During the 3-month follow up, the patient was no recurrence of fever or hyponatremia. Conclusion: High fever and SIADH can be a rare adverse reaction to trihexyphenidyl. Therefore, possible drug factors should be considered in the case. Consideration of other possible causes can improve early diagnosis and treatment of patients with fever of unknown origins.
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