The study of the effect of protein-lipid components on the vital functions of activated sludge is promising from the standpoint of developing recommendations for preliminary treatment of highly concentrated effluents entering the biological oxidation line. Objects of research: 1. Active sludge (sludge index 92.0-125.0 cm3/g; mass concentration 4.0-5.5 g/dm3; sedimentation rate 0.5-0.6 cm3/min), 2. Enzymatic dry peptone for bacteriological purposes (13805-76 State Standard). Research methods: FR 1.31.2008.04397, FR 1.31.2008.04398, FR 1.31.2008.04400, microscopic examination of specimens for the purpose of hydrobiological research, laboratory installation, including a container for dosing waste water, aeration tank - mixer, a container for settling excess activated sludge, a compressor. The conditions under which the biooxidation was carried out were as follows: the flow rate into the aeration tank was 0.5 dm3/h, the air consumption for aeration of one aeration tank was 2 dm3/min, the operating mode was continuous, the aeration was fine-bubble, uniform, intensive, the study time was 5 weeks. The study of the effect of the content of the protein-lipid component in the effluents on the main hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators of the state of the activated sludge biocenosis was carried out using model waste water containing enzymatic peptone C = 500 mg/dm3, C = 1000 mg/dm3, C = 2000 mg/dm3, C = 3000 mg/dm3, C = 4000 mg/dm3. The data obtained indicate an irreversible negative effect on the hydrochemical and hydrobiological parameters of activated sludge biocenosis with a protein-lipid component content of 3000 mg/dm3 and more. However, when the content of the protein-lipid component is less than 1000 mg/dm3, stable dynamics is observed both in hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators
The quality of biological wastewater treatment directly depends not only on the concentration of pollutants, but also on the state of the activated sludge biocenosis. The assessment of the state of activated sludge is carried out according to two groups of criteria: hydrochemical (mass concentration, sludge index, sedimentation rate) and hydrobiological (species diversity, activity, number of microorganisms). A number of factors affect vital functions of activated sludge. The influence of pH level and temperature of effluents on the hydrobiological and hydrochemical characteristics of the biocenosis is insufficiently studied. The aim of the work is to study the effect of wastewater with different pH = 3, 5, 8, 9 10 and temperature t = 5, 10, 30, 40 ° C on hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators. As a result of the research, it was established: at pH = 3; 5; 10. There is a decrease in the mass concentration below 2.5 g/dm3, and the sludge index rises to more than 200 cm3/g. Hydrobiological analysis confirms the deterioration of the state of activated sludge in terms of a critical decrease in species diversity. A rapid decrease in the mass concentration to critical values of less than 1 g/dm3 is observed when exposed to effluents with a temperature of t = 5, 40 °C. At the same time, the sludge index decreases, and the sedimentation rate increases at t = 5 °C, in contrast to the medium with a temperature of t = 40 °C, where swelling of the biocenosis is observed with an increase in the sludge index and decrease in the sedimentation rate
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