The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the need for improvement of the inclusive education system in the current conditions as well as by the necessity to properly train and prepare future teachers for professional activity in the inclusive learning environment. In the given article, we have analyzed the developments on the topic, identified models of integration of children with special educational needs in the educational process in inclusive education. We also articulated the concept and essence of the professional readiness of future teachers. The ways to form the readiness of teachers for professional activity in the conditions of inclusive education are presented. The article analyzes the understanding of the concept of inclusive education and provides a brief overview of the studies by prominent researchers on this issue, taking into account their proposed educational values. Based on the analysis, the authors conclud that it is necessary to critically review traditional approaches to the understanding of inclusive education, and to the formation of readiness of future teachers for professional activities in inclusive education to eventually benefit modern education. The authors of the article note that in the context of professional training for teachers' activity, four main components will be effective, which will promote the integration of children with special educational needs into the educational process.
The article deals with pedagogical and psycho-correctional means of ensuring communicative interaction of junior schoolchildren with disabilities (with mild and moderate mental retardation) in the context of inclusive education. Specifics of development of cognitive, emotional, personal-motivational, communicative and behavioural components of communication of a unique personality of a junior schoolchild under correctional and developmental influence and in the conditions of inclusive education are analysed. The definition of communication skills of children with special educational needs has been clarified. Systematic - neuropedagogical, competence, personality-oriented and communicative-activity approaches to consideration of methodical tools for formation of communicative skills in junior schoolchildren taking into account their special needs and individual capabilities are applied. A model of formation of communicative-personal potential in children with intellectual disabilities and correction of their communicative individual-psychological properties has been developed. The program on formation of communicative competence and providing positive motivation for communicative interaction among students with intellectual disabilities, taking into account neuropsychological and pedagogical recommendations, is substantiated.
Speech development of a child with autism does not always take place at the appropriate age and does not always obey the laws of development of speech functions. According to the analysis of literature sources, the direct study of speech activity of children with autistic disorders requires a more detailed study. According to our predictions, a child with autistic disorders of older preschool age due to the peculiarities of communicative and behavioral spheres will show a low level of speech activity, which can be explained directly by the specificity of speech development along with limited language experience and insufficient knowledge of language and its use in communication. Language behavior consists of two complementary and interrelated processes: psychological formation (generation) of speech utterance and perception of the expanded speech of the interlocutor. The model of speech utterance generation includes five consecutive, interconnected stages (phases) identified by O.O. Leontiev (1967): the motive of utterance; the idea of expression; internal programming; lexical and grammatical development of the utterance; implementation of speech expression in external speech. Speech activity is one of the many forms of general activity, a reflection of the needs that arise in accordance with specific communication situations, a prerequisite and an important component of language behavior. The term "speech activity" is considered by us in the sense of the presence of a motive for speech utterance and direct speech utterance, which may occur as a reaction-response to the interlocutor's remark or as a desire to inform the interlocutor of their own thoughts, experiences, emotions, needs.
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