Latar Belakang: Coronavirus merupakan virus RNA strain tunggal positif, berkapsul dan tidak bersegmen dengan nama severe acute respirtorysyndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) dengan nama penyakitnya adalah Coronavirus Disease 2019. Data sebaran kasus covid di provinsi NTT adalah 15.217 jiwa terkonfirmasi positif dengan sebaran kabupaten/kota teratas tanggal 6 Mei 2021, adalah Kota Kupang, Kabupaten Sumba Timur dan Kabupaten Ende. Pada kelompok ibu hamil, terdapat 4.9% ibu hamil terkonfirmasi positif covid 19. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas dan bayi baru lahir juga merupakan sasaran yang rentan terhadap infeksi Covid 19 dan kondisi ini dikhawatirkan akan meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Ibu hamil, lebih rentan terhadap morbiditas Covid 19 dikarenakan perubahan fisiologis dan imunologis selama masa kehamilan. Health Belief Model (HBM) merupakan sebuah model untuk memahami kesulitan individu dalam mengikuti program pencegahan dalam konteks kesehatan.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui health belief model (HBM) perilaku preventif ibu hamil pada masa pandemi covid 19 di kota Ende.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif dengan teknik studi korelasional. Penelitian akan dilaksanakan pada 5 puskesmas di kota Ende pada bulan Januari – Desember 2022. Proyeksi populasi ibu hamil pada 5 puskesmas adalah 500 ibu hamil. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah double sampling yaitu metode quota sampling dan purposie sampling. Jumlah sampel dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin yang berjumlah 221 ibu hamil. Teknik pengumpulan data kuantitatif dengan memberikan kuisioner tentang health belief model (HBM) perilaku preventif ibu hamil pada masa pandemi covid 19 di kota Ende, kuisioner berjumlah 40 pertanyaan tertutup yang telah diuji validitas dan realibilitas.Analisis data kuantitatif dengan Pearson Product Moment dan Uji Regresi linear.Hasil penelitian: Koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,295 dengan signifikansi 0,000. Ha diterima karena signifikansi >0,05. Jadi terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara health belief model (HBM) dengan perilaku preventif pada ibu hamil di masa pandemi covid 19 di Kota Ende. Berdasarkan nilai signifikansi sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara variabel HBM dengan perilaku preventif pada ibu hamil di masa pandemi covid 19 di Kota Ende. Hasil uji regresi linear didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai signifikan value F test < 0,05 yaitu nilai Sig 0,000, yang berarti bahwa variabel independent mempunyai hubungan linier dengan variabel dependen. Secara bersama sama persepsi perceived susceptibility (kerentanan yang dirasakan), perceived severity (Bahaya/kesakitan yang dirasakan), perceived benefit (Keyakinan akan manfaat yang dirasakan) dan  perceived barrier (Hambatan yang dirasakan) berpengaruh pada perilaku preventif  pada ibu hamil pada masacovid 19 di Kota Ende Tahun 2022.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara HBM dengan perilaku preventif pada ibu hamil pada masa covid 19 di Kota EndeSaran: Ibu hamil agar meningkatkan perilaku preventif untuk mencegah covid 19 selama masa kehamilan Kata Kunci : Health Belief Model (HBM); Preventif; Ibu hamil; Covid 19 ABSTRACT Background:. Coronavirus is a positive single strain RNA virus, encapsulated and not segmented with the name severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) with the name The disease is Coronavirus Disease 2019. Data on the distribution of covid cases in the province of NTT is 15,217 people who are positively confirmed with the distribution of the top regencies/cities on May 6, 2021, namely Kupang City, East Sumba Regency and Ende Regency. In the group of pregnant women, there were 4.9% of pregnant women were confirmed positive for Covid 19. This data shows that pregnant women, childbirth, postpartum and newborns are also vulnerable targets for Covid 19 infection and this condition is feared to increase maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Newborn. Pregnant women are more susceptible to Covid-19 morbidity due to physiological and immunological changes during pregnancy. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a model to understand individual difficulties in participating in prevention programs in the context of health.Purpose: to find out the health belief model (HBM) for the preventive behaviour of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Ende.Research method: This study uses a descriptive study with a correlational study technique. The research will be carried out at 5 puskesmas in the city of Ende from January – December 2022. The projected population of pregnant women in 5 puskesmas is 500 pregnant women. The sampling technique was double sampling, namely quota sampling and purposive sampling methods. The number of samples using the Slovin formula amounted to 221 pregnant women. Quantitative data collection techniques by providing a questionnaire about the health belief model (HBM) preventive behaviour of pregnant women during the covid 19 pandemic in the city of Ende, a questionnaire consisting of 40 closed questions that have been tested for validity and reliability. Quantitative data analysis with Pearson Product Moment and Linear Regression Test.Results: The correlation coefficient is 0.295 with a significance of 0.000. Ha is accepted because the significance is > 0.05. So there is a significant positive relationship between the health belief model (HBM) and preventive behaviour in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ende City. Based on the significance value of sig (2-tailed) of 0.000, it shows that there is a significant correlation between the HBM variable and preventive behaviour in pregnant women during the covid 19 pandemic in Ende City. The results of the linear regression test showed that the significant value of the F test value <0.05, namely the Sig value of 0.000, which means that the independent variable has a linear relationship with the dependent variable. Together the perceptions of perceived susceptibility (perceived vulnerability), perceived severity (perceived danger/pain), perceived benefit (belief in perceived benefits) and perceived barriers (perceived barriers) affect preventive behavior in pregnant women during the COVID-19 period. in Ende City in 2022.Conclusion: There is a relationship between HBM and preventive behavior in pregnant women during the covid 19 period in Ende City.Suggestion: Pregnant women should increase preventive behaviour to prevent covid 19 during pregnancy Keywords:  Health Belief Model (HBM); Preventive; Pregnant mother; Covid 19

In recent years, human pathogenic microorganisms have developed resistance in response to the indiscriminate use of commercial antimicrobial drugs commonly employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, research to discover the new anti-bacterial compounds is important to do. This study was carried out with an objective to synthesis and invaluated the antibacterial potentials of 2,4-dihidroxy benzoic acid. The aim of the study is to synthesis and assess the antimicrobial activity and to determine the zone of inhibition of on Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus. The synthesis of 2,4-dihidroxy benzoic acid was conducted by reacting 2,4-dihidroxy benzene and carbon dioxide. The characterization of the target compounds was performed by IR and MS spectrometers. The growth of the tested bacteria was observed using a colony counter to see the diameter of the resistance which was caused by the test solution. The antibacterial activity test indicated that 2,4-dihidroxy benzoic acid had the potential as an antibacterial against Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus. The synthesis product was obtained as a white solid, melting point 168-169 °C, 67.5 % yield and 97.5 % purity. The activity was known from its inhibition zone. At the concentration of 100 ppm, 2,4-dihidroxy benzoic acid solution showed the diameter of the inhibitory zone was 17.8 mm and 17.0 mm respectively, while amoxicillin antibiotic showed of 16.6 mm. These results indicate that 2,4-dihidroxy benzoic acid have a greater strength than amoxicillin in inhibiting bacterial growth Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus.

Malaria is one of the main public health problems in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). NTT currently ranks second in malaria cases in Indonesia after Papua. Pregnant women are a risk group, data show that pregnant women suffering from malaria complications in Kupang District is still very high due to the delay in treatment since many patients dominate the primary care of the traditional healer compared to health services. The traditional healers use herbs that are sprayed (sembur)to the patient. This action is an alternative treatment carried out by the local community because it is far from health facilities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the picture of semburculture in pregnant women suffering from malaria in Kupang Regency. This study uses qualitative techniques with a phenomenological approach. The informants were chosen by using purposive sampling and snowball approach. There were six informants, all of whom came from Kupang Regency. The data collected through depth interviews and field notes. Processing and analyzing data in the form of interview results are converted into verbatim transcripts and the results of field notes are analysed in the form of transcripts. The results of this study show three themes from all participants; (1) health beliefs and practices; (2) thoughts and feelings when conducting a sembur culture; (3) hope for a future life. This research is beneficial for maternal and child health as well as educational and service institutions.

ABSTRAK Kompleknya permasalahan kesehatan pada remaja memerlukan penanganan yang komprehensif dan terintegrasi. Dampak dari permasalahan remaja adalah terjadinya masalah pada kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah perilaku seksual pada remaja adalah optimalisasi peran orang tua khususnya Ibu, selama ini pemberdayaan belum dioptimalkan pada aspek ini sehingga penanganan terhadap risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja belum mendapat perhatian khusus. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat adalah untuk mengoptimalkan peran orangtua dengan memberdayakan orangtua melalui pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi untuk mencegah seksual pranikah pada remaja Di KUB St. Yakobus Rasul Naimata Kupang. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan, konseling informasi dan edukasi (KIE) kepada orangtua di wilayah KUB St. Yakobus Rasul Naimata Kupang. Analisis univariate yaitu data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengumpulan data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Analissis bivariate dengan menggunakan uji paired sample t – test untuk mengetahui perbedaan sebelum dan setelah pemberian penyuluhan dan KIE pada orangtua remaja. Peningkatan rerata pengetahuan orangtua remaja sebelum perlakuan 64.90 dan setelah perlakuan meningkat menjadi 81.00. Hasil uji paired samples t-test menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan bermakna pengetahuan orangtua untuk mencegah seksual pranikah pada remaja di KUB St. Yakobus Rasul Naimata Kupang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orangtua remaja  (p < 0,05). Kata Kunci : Pemberdayaan, Orangtua, Remaja, Seksual Pranikah  ABSTRACT The complexities of health problems in adolescents require comprehensive and integrated handling. The impact of adolescent problems is the occurrence of problems on adolescent reproductive health. One of the efforts to prevent sexual behavior in adolescents is to optimize the role of parents, especially mothers, so far empowerment has not been optimized in this aspect so that the handling of the risks posed by premarital sexual behavior in adolescents has not received special attention. The aim of community service is to optimize the role of parents by empowering parents through reproductive health education to prevent premarital sex among adolescents. Yakobus Apostle Naimata Kupang. Implementation of community service activities by giving counseling, information counseling, and education (KIE) to parents in the KUB St. Yakobus Apostle Naimata Kupang. Univariate analysis, namely data obtained from the results of data collection presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. Bivariate analysis using paired sample t-test to determine the differences before and after giving counseling and IEC to adolescent parents. The increase in the mean knowledge of the adolescent parents before treatment 64.90 and after treatment increased to 81.00. The results of the paired samples t-test showed that there were significant differences in parental knowledge to prevent premarital sex among adolescents in KUB St. Yakobus Rasul Naimata Kupang was effective in increasing the knowledge of teenagers' parents (p <0.05). Keywords: Empowerment, Parents, Adolescents, Premarital Sexuals

Latar Belakang: Antenatal care (ANC) merupakan perawatan yang diberikan oleh tenaga kesehatan yang terampil kepada ibu hamil untuk memastikan kesehatan bagi ibu dan janin selama kehamilan. Tujuan ANC adalah mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin baik secara langsung melalui deteksi dan pengobatan komplikasi terkait kehamilan dan tidak tidak langsung melalui peningkatan risiko komplikasi selama persalinan sehingga mendapatkan rujukan yang tepat. ANC bertujuan juga  untuk memantau kemajuan proses kehamilan dan memastikan kesehatan pada ibu serta tumbuh kembang janin. Out put/luaran janin dapat dilihat dari berat badan lahir bayi yang dilahirkan.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan determinan karakteristik ibu dan komponen pelayanan antenatal care (10 T) dengan fetal outcome di Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis data sekunder hasil Riskesdas 2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada Riskesdas 2018 adalah studi potong lintang (cross sectional). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh sampel Riskesdas 2018 yang berjumlah 38.476 sampel. Kriteria ekslusi pada penelitian ini adalah data terdokumentasi yang tidak tersedia lengkap sesuai dengan variabel penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengajukan permintaan raw data hasil Riskesdas 2018 pada Laboratorium Manajemen data Badan Litbang Kesehatan. Teknik analisis data univariat disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Analisis bivariat menggunakan Chi Square untuk mengetahui hubungan determinan karakteristik ibu dan komponen pelayanan antenatal care (10T) dengan Fetal Outcome.Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara umur ibu, pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan fetal outcome (p value= 0,01). Terdapat hubungan antara pengukuran tinggi badan (p = 0,000), pengukuran berat badan (p= 0,021), pengukuran lila (p=0,01), pengukuran TFU (p = 0,003), pemeriksaan leopold (p=0,02), pengukuran DJJ (p=0,000), pemberian imunisasi TT (p=0,002), pemberian Tablet tambah darah (p = 0,000) dan pemeriksaan laboratorium (p=0,000) dengan fetal outcome di Indonesia. Komponen pelayanan ANC yang tidak berhubungan dengan fetal outcome adalah pengukuran tekanan darah (p=0,122) dan pelaksaan temu wicara/konseling (p=0,872).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara umur, pendidikan dan pekerjaan, pengukuran tinggi badan, berat badan, pengukuran LILA, pengukuran TFU, pengukuran leopold, pengukuran DJJ, imunisasi TT, pemberian tablet tambah darah dan pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan fetal outcome.Saran: Ibu hamil agar memeriksaan kehamilan di fasilitas kesehatan minimal 6 kali kunjungan untuk mendapatkan pemeriksaan kehamilan yang berkualitas. Kata Kunci : ANC, Determinan Ibu, Fetal outcome ABSTRACT Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is treatment provided by professional health workers to pregnant women to ensure the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy. The aim of ANC is to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality both directly through the detection and treatment of pregnancy-related complications and indirectly through increasing the risk of complications during delivery so as to obtain appropriate referrals. ANC also aims to monitor the progress of the pregnancy process and ensure the health of the mother and the growth and development of the fetus. Fetal output can be seen from the birth weight of the baby being born.Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between determinants of maternal characteristics and components of antenatal care services (10 T) with fetal outcome in Indonesia.Results: There is a relationship between maternal age, education and occupation with fetal outcome (p value = 0.01). There is a relationship between height measurement (p= 0.000), weight measurement (p= 0.021), lilac measurement (p= 0.01), TFU measurement (p= 0.003), Leopold’s examination (p= 0.02), measurement of FHR (p= 0.000), TT immunization (p = 0.002), administration of blood-added tablets (p = 0.000) and laboratory examination (p= 0.000) with fetal outcome in Indonesia. Components of ANC services that were not related to fetal outcome were blood pressure measurement (p= 0.122) and conduct of speech/counseling meetings (p= 0.872).Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, education and occupation measurement of height, weight, Circumference measurement, Fundal Height measurement, Leopold’s maneuvers, FHR measurement, TT immunization, administration of blood-added tablets and laboratory examination with fetal outcome.Suggestion: Pregnant women are required to have a pregnancy check-up at a health facility at least 6 times to get a quality pregnancy check-up. Keywords:  ANC, Determinants of Mother, Fetal Outcome