Glycidyl triazolone and glycidyl nitrotriazolone polymers and glycidyl triazolone/glycidyl azide copolymers were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of 1,2,4-triazol-5-one and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one heterocycles and azide ion for chlorine atoms in poly(epichlorohydrin), respectively. The structure of the resultant energetic polymers was characterized by 1 H, 13 C NMR, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis (Cl). The density of the obtained polymers was experimentally measured, and data on phase transitions and thermal decomposition were ac-quired by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The triazolone heterocycles inserted into the polymeric chain provided high thermal stability and a much higher density compared to the azide homopolymer GAP. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition demonstrated that spatially branched energyrich polymeric binders bearing 1,2,4-triazol-5-one and 1,2,3triazole heterocycles could conceptually be synthesized starting from p-(GTO-co-GA) azide copolymers. The aforesaid merits make the reported polymers attractive candidates as the matrix of energetic binders.
An N-glycidyl-5-aminotetrazole homopolymer was synthesized herein by nucleophilic substitution of 5-aminotetrazole heterocycles for chlorine atoms in poly-(epichlorohydrin)-butanediol. Copolymers of N-glycidyl-5-aminotetrazole and glycidyl azide with a varied ratio of energetic elements were synthesized by simultaneously reacting the 5-aminotetrazole sodium salt and the azide ion with the starting polymeric matrix. The 5-aminotetrazole-based homopolymer was nitrated to furnish a polymer whose macromolecule is enriched additionally with energy-rich terminal ONO2 groups and nitrate anions. The structures of the synthesized polymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and IR spectroscopies, elemental analysis and gel-permeation chromatography. The densities were experimentally measured, and thermal stability data were acquired by differential scanning calorimetry. The insertion of aminotetrazole heterocycles into the polymeric chain and their modification via nitration provides an acceptable thermal stability and a considerable enhancement in density and nitrogen content compared to azide homopolymer GAP. By the 1.3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, we demonstrated the conceptual possibility of preparing spatially branched, energy-rich polymeric binders bearing 5-aminotetrazole and 1,2,3-triazole heterocycles starting from the plasticized azide copolymers. The presence of the aforesaid advantages makes the reported polymers attractive candidates for use as a scaffold of energetic binders.
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