Informal Education is a general term for education that can occur outside of a structured curriculum. Nowadays it is mainly used to provide people of different ages and social categories with additional knowledge and skills needed for their professional activity or fulfilling interest. China today also uses such kind of providing educational services mainly for children and youths. These activities are seen by the state educational system as the basic level of gifted children`s detection and separating them from the other ones. Modern Chinese educational theory has its own ideas as to the problem of gifted children starting from the definition of giftedness and up to the place of such children in the society including the welfare and legal issues. Seeing giftedness as “ability to work and methodical training” the Chinese educational and welfare system is totally built up by this conception. The article using various research methods (such as theoretical literature and current Chinese legislation`s analysis, comparative methods, method of personal experience etc.) represents the Chinese experience as to educational work with gifted children especially in the field of informal education as well as general ideas of the Giftedness theory in the Chinese educational practice.
Marine filamentous fungi (103 strains) isolated from various marine habitats were studied for their ability to produce extracellular O-glycosylhydrolases. Cultural filtrates of these strains were shown to contain a series of glycanases (laminarinases, amylases, cellulases, pustulanases) and glycosidases (β-glucosidases, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidases, β-galactosidases, α-mannosidases). Two species of marine fungi from different habitats were chosen for isolation of laminarinases and detailed study on enzyme properties. The fungus Chaetomium indicum associated with the alga Fucus evanescens C. Agardh was collected near the Kuril Islands, and Trichoderma aureviride was sampled from bottom deposits of South China Sea. Properties of extracellular laminarinases were similar: temperature optimums (40-45 • C), molecular masses (54-56 kDa), K m (0.1-0.3 mg mL −1 ). Temperature stability of laminarinase of C. indicum was significantly higher than those from Trichoderma aureveride. It is shown that these enzymes are specific to β-1,3-bonds in glucans, release predominantly glucose from laminaran and do not catalyze reaction of transglycosylation. Accoding to these data enzymes are exo-1,3-β-D-glucan-glucanohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.58). Inhibitor analysis demonstrated the significant role of tryptophan and tyrosine residues in the catalytic activity of enzymes. Molecules of T. aureviride laminarinase contained the functionally important thiol group.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.