Objective
Depth of invasion (DOI) in oral carcinoma has been integrated into the primary tumor categories in the current tumor‐node‐metastasis staging (8th edition). However, there is no standard modality to determine DOI preoperatively. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the accuracy of a preoperative measurement of DOI using ultrasonography (US) for superficial oral tongue carcinomas, and to correlate the values obtained with histologically determined DOI measurements.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 56 patients with oral tongue carcinoma who underwent intraoral US preoperatively, followed by curative surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital in Japan. For the measurement of DOI with US, our unique technique (water balloon method) was evaluated.
Results
The histologically measured tumor size (maximum diameter) showed a distribution of 7.0 to 40.0 mm (mean, 18.6 mm). The correlation between the US‐obtained and histologically obtained DOIs was significant (r = 0.867; P < 0.001). In tumors characterized histologically as superficial (DOI ≤ 5 mm), a significant correlation was observed between US‐obtained and histologically obtained DOIs (r = 0.870, P < 0.001). For the entire cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of US assessment of DOI of ≤ 5 mm or > 5 mm were 92.3% and 70.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
Intraoral US provides sufficient accuracy for the measurement of tumor DOI in oral tongue carcinoma and is complementary in assessing superficial lesions.
Level of Evidence
4. Laryngoscope, 128:2778–2782, 2018
Objective
To investigate the predictability of ophthalmic artery involvement in maxillary sinus cancer using preprocedural contrast enhanced CT and MRI.
Methods
We analyzed advanced (T3, T4a, and T4b) primary maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma treated with super-selective intra-arterial cisplatin infusion and concomitant radiotherapy (RADPLAT) from Oct 2016 to Mar 2020. Two diagnostic radiologists evaluated the tumor invasion site around the maxillary sinus using preprocedural imaging. These results were compared with the angiographic involvement of the ophthalmic artery using statistical analyses. We also evaluated our RADPLAT quality using complication rate, response to treatment, local progressive free survival (LPFS), and overall survival (OS).
Results
Twenty patients were included in this study. There were ten cases of ophthalmic artery tumor stain and there was a correlation between ophthalmic artery involvement and invasion for ethmoid sinus with statistically significant differences. Other imaging findings were not associated with ophthalmic artery involvement.
Conclusions
Ethmoid sinus invasion on preprocedural imaging could suggest ophthalmic artery involvement in maxillary sinus cancer. It may be useful in predicting prognosis and treatment selection.
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a malignant tumor of the salivary gland that arises from pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is extremely rare in the salivary glands. We report two cases of acantholytic SCC (ASCC) ex PA. Case 1 involved a 72-year-old female, and case 2 involved a 67-year-old male. Histologically, both cases involved PA, and salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) components, which were positive for androgen receptor (AR) and gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP)-15 but negative for HER2, were seen in the intracapsular regions. The invasive components consisted of ASCC, which were positive for cytokeratin 5/6 and p63 but negative for AR and GCDFP-15. The SDC and ASCC components were positive for the epidermal growth factor receptor. In both cases, the cytoplasmic localization or decreased expression of E-cadherin was observed in the ASCC. In the early phase, CXPA might emerge as SDC, and it might change into SCC as it invades beyond the capsule due to changes in microenvironment. Also, the aberrant expression of E-cadherin is related to acantholysis in SCC.
ObjectivesInvestigation of the prognosis of young patients with tongue carcinoma has been the focus of several recent studies aimed at improving future precision treatment. Most studies have been two-cohort investigations comparing young and older patients, who have wide discrepancies in prognosis. Older patients, especially those aged >70 years, often have a poor general condition. This affects the prognosis of the older cohort and accounts for the discrepancies observed in two-cohort studies. Accordingly, in this study, older patients (aged ≥71 years) were separated and compared to young and middle-aged patients.MethodsA total of 257 patients with oral tongue carcinoma referred during 2011–2017 were analyzed. Patients were sorted into young (aged ≤40 years), middle-aged (aged ≥41 and ≤70 years), and older (aged ≥71 years) groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among the groups. Furthermore, patterns of recurrence rates were compared.ResultsCompared with young patients, there was no difference in OS or DFS for older patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5–2.7 and HR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.4–1.2, respectively) in a multivariate analysis. There was also no difference in OS (HR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–1.3) for middle-aged patients. However, middle-aged patients had low recurrence rates (HR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8). With respect to the recurrence type, middle-aged patients had a low local recurrence rate (HR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.7).ConclusionThree-cohort studies should be conducted to evaluate whether the prognosis of young patients with tongue carcinoma is truly poor in terms of future precision treatment.
and hard palate tumors often requires functional reconstruction, such as the creation of a maxillary denture or flap reconstruction, because the postoperative connection of the oral cavity and nasal sinuses results in dysfunctions such as chewing, swallowing, and dysarthria. We report here a case of mucosal malignant melanoma of the hard palate that was cured without functional impairment by preservation of the nasal mucosa. The patient was treated surgically with a diagnosis of mucosal malignant melanoma cT3N0M0 without bone invasion. In the surgery, the nasal septum and nasal floor mucosa were preserved endoscopically, and the palatal mucosa, maxilla, palatine bone, and vomer were removed en bloc. In addition, the MCFP (Mucosal defect Covered with Fibrin glue and Polyglycolic acid sheet) technique was performed with nasal mucosal lining. Recovery was possible without functional impairment without the use of flap reconstruction or maxillary dentures.
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