Luseogliflozin exerts more protective effects in an early stage of diabetes compared to an advanced stage, and longer-term use of luseogliflozin exerts more beneficial effects on pancreatic β-cells compared to short-term use.
Objective To examine the association between glycemic control and the new onset of macroangiopathy in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Methods We examined seven-year follow-up data for 572 patients. We divided the subjects by the average of seven-year glycemic control based on the guidelines. First, we excluded the subjects with a past history of macroangiopathy and then examined the incidence of the new onset of macroangiopathy. Results The incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) was 1.0% per year, and that of cerebral vascular disease (CVD) was 1.0% per year. However, IHD events were not observed at all for five years in the most intensive glycemic control group (HbA1c<6%). Similarly, CVD events were not observed at all for seven years in the most intensive glycemic control group (HbA1c<6%). In addition, the cumulative incidence rate of IHD tended to increase as the glycemic control became poorer (HbA1c<6%, 4.5%; 6 ! HbA1c<7%, 6.0%; 7 ! HbA1c<8%, 7.2%; HbA1c"8%, 10.7%). Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes and HbA1c level were independent risk factors contributing to the onset of IHD, but not to the onset of CVD. Conclusion This seven-year observational study showed the possible association between glycemic control and the onset of macroangiopathy in a total of 572 Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Aims/IntroductionIncreased levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) likely leads to the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is very important to know which factors largely influence hs‐CRP levels. In the present study, we examined the influence of various atherosclerosis‐related factors on hs‐CRP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsA total of 275 patients (176 men, 99 women) were enrolled in this study. We tested the relationship between the number of risk factors reaching a desired value and hs‐CRP levels. The Mann–Whitney U‐test was used to compare two groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to carry out overall group comparisons, and the Steel–Dwass test was used to carry out between‐group comparisons. Spearman's rank correlation was carried out to study the correlation between hs‐CRP levels and clinical parameters. Multivariate regression method was used to analyze the factors independently contributing to hs‐CRP levels.ResultsHs‐CRP levels were lower in patients with a larger number of risk factors reaching a desired value. In particular, triglyceride and body mass index (BMI) were independent risk factors determining hs‐CRP levels in a multivariate regression analysis. Furthermore, we compared the influence of various factors on hs‐CRP levels in both obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and non‐obese patients with type 2 diabetes (BMI <25 kg/m2). In obese groups, BMI and urinary albumin were independent risk factors determining hs‐CRP levels, whereas triglyceride and statin were independent risk factors in non‐obese patients.ConclusionsThere is some difference in the factors responsible for hs‐CRP levels in obese and non‐obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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