A ZnS thin film was electrodeposited on the surface of nanopores of porous silicon (PSi) without plugging of the nanopores. And the optical properties of the ZnS/PSi composites were investigated. The PSi was fabricated by anodization of n-Si (100) wafer in HF/EtOH/H 2 O solution under constant current conditions. The pore diameter and the porous layer depth of the PSi were 20-80 nm and 8-50 μm, respectively, and they are controlled by variation of the HF concentration and anodization time. Electrodeposition proceeded on the surface of the nanopores (pore diameter, 80 nm) of the PSi under galvanostatic conditions of 0.44-8.85 mA/cm 2 and the aqueous electrolyte solution contained ZnSO 4 , Na 2 S 2 O 3 and glycerol. The deposited ZnS plugged the nanopores at high current density, whereas at low current density, ZnS was deposited on the nanopore wall without plugging. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra due to the ZnS/PSi composites showed two separate peaks at 430 nm and 530 nm. The PL intensity decreased with increased current density because of the segregation of ZnS on the upper parts of the PSi nanopores. The PL intensity was also enhanced owing to the large surface area of the PSi.
<p>Recently in Japan some cases have been reported that the bridge washed away by tsunamis. For this reason, emergency temporary bridges are required for restoration after these disasters. Shortening the construction time of such bridges is a major issue. This study deals with the desirable structural details of the main girder end plate connections for an emergency temporary bridge by using FE analysis. Two concluding remarks were mainly revealed in this study. Firstly, the cope hole of the end plate at the intersection of the lower flange and the web plate reduces the bolt axial force increment near the intersection because this bolt became not to be subjected to the tensile force from the web. Secondary, the long tensile connection type is effective for reducing the axial force increment because the prying force isn’t occurred on the connection surface and the contact stress after tightening the bolts make the separation between end plates almost zero.</p>
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