Even though previously reported CdTe/CdSe type-II core/shell QD sensitizers possess intrinsic superior optoelectronic properties (such as wide absorption range, fast charge separation, and slow charge recombination) in serving as light absorbers, the efficiency of the resultant solar cell is still limited by the relatively low photovoltage. To further enhance photovoltage and cell efficiency accordingly, ZnTe/CdSe type-II core/shell QDs with much larger conduction band (CB) offset in comparison with that of CdTe/CdSe (1.22 eV vs 0.27 eV) are adopted as sensitizers in the construction of quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). The augment of band offset produces an increase of the charge accumulation across the QD/TiO2 interface under illumination and induces stronger dipole effects, therefore bringing forward an upward shift of the TiO2 CB edge after sensitization and resulting in enhancement of the photovoltage of the resultant cell devices. The variation of relative chemical capacitance, C μ, between ZnTe/CdSe and reference CdTe/CdSe cells extracted from impedance spectroscopy (IS) characterization under dark and illumination conditions clearly demonstrates that, under light irradiation conditions, the sensitization of ZnTe/CdSe QDs upshifts the CB edge of TiO2 by the level of ∼50 mV related to that in the reference cell and results in the enhancement of V oc of the corresponding cell devices. In addition, charge extraction measurements have also confirmed the photovoltage enhancement in the ZnTe/CdSe cell related to reference CdTe/CdSe cell. Furthermore, transient grating (TG) measurements have revealed a faster electron injection rate for the ZnTe/CdSe-based QDSCs in comparison with the CdSe cells. The resultant ZnTe/CdSe QD-based QDSCs exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency of 7.17% and a certified efficiency of 6.82% under AM 1.5G full one sun illumination, which is, as far as we know, one of the highest efficiencies for liquid-junction QDSCs.

High efficiency PbS quantum dot solar cells have been achieved by utilizing a nanowire architecture and proper surface passivation strategy.

Charge separation and recombination dynamics in Sn/Pb cocktail perovskite solar cells were clarified.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare pathologic condition associated with serious adverse reactions to neuroleptics. We reported a case of gas-producing phlegmon that spread from the floor of the mouth to the cervical region and was accompanied by NMS.A 20-year-old man was referred to us because of painful swelling of the lower left buccal and cervical regions, which caused slight dyspnea. A computed tomographic scan revealed gas accumulation in the oral and cervical fascial spaces. A diagnosis of gas-producing phlegmon spreading from the floor of the mouth to the cervical region was made. After incision and drainage under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, the patient remained in intensive care and was given antibiotics and neuroleptic agents intravenously. Gradually, the swelling disappeared, and the endotracheal tube was removed. After extubation, hyperthermia, tremor, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, sialorrhea, and altered consciousness developed. Laboratory results at that time revealed a WBC count of 11,230/p 1 and a CK level of 11,8051U/I, suggesting a diagnosis of NMS caused by haloperidol. He was treated with dantololene (60 mg) and bromocriptine (7.5 mg) and wash-out therapy of myoglobin to avoid acute renal failure. NMS gradually resolved.In severe infections, management of general complications and adverse reactions as well as rapid drainage and appropriate antibiotic therapy is essential.