Hyperglycemia causes perioperative complications and many anesthetics impair glucose metabolism and cause hyperglycemia. We evaluated the effects of propofol on blood glucose metabolism and insulin secretion during an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in dogs. Blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured in dogs during IVGTT in a conscious state and under the effect of 2.0% isoflurane, low-concentration propofol (0.2 mg/kg/min), and high-concentration propofol (0.4 mg/kg/min) anesthesia. Plasma glucose levels significantly increased in all of the treatment groups when compared with those in the conscious group. The prolonged half-life period of plasma glucose suggested that isoflurane and propofol attenuated glucose metabolism in dogs. Plasma insulin levels were significantly lower in the isoflurane group when compared with those in the other groups, whereas blood FFA levels were increased in the propofol groups when compared with the other groups. These results suggest that propofol itself does not directly raise plasma glucose levels, but attenuates glucose metabolism by accumulating FFA.
Biocompatible plasma spray hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings on metallic substrates have been conducted. The credibility of HAp coatings on SUS316L stainless steel and the effect of heat treatment were assessed by electrochemical impedance monitoring in physiological saline. The adhesion of HAp coating on SUS316L was evaluated by three-point bending test. It was found that post heat treatment improves not only crystallinity but also the credibility of HAp coatings on SUS316L stainless steel. Also, the corrosion resistance of HAp coating on SUS316L was improved by lowering the cooling or heating rate during post heat treatment process. It was found that plasma titanium intermediate layer played an important role both in improving corrosion resistance of HAp coating on SUS316L stainless steel and in increasing the adhesion of HAp coating layer to the metallic substrate. Zn doped HAp plasma spray coatings was prepared and its credibility was evaluated by electrochemical impedance measurements.
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