Background:The major function of rehabilitation and physical medicine specialists is to provide the proper therapy that helps in improving the physical activities of impaired, disabled and handicapped persons through improvement in their muscle strength. In performing their function, the rehabilitation team should always take heed of the social and mental well-being of such patients. Having observed millions of Muslims perform the salat (prayer) regularly at specified times throughout the world, we postulated that salat, along with its various postures, can play a role in increasing psychological well-being including self-reliance and self-esteem, improving musculo-skeletal fitness, motor behavior and cerebral blood flow that may be beneficial in the rehabilitation of geriatric and disabled persons. Subjects and Methods: The various postures of salat were studied and a range of joint motions were measured by goniometer, an instrument for measuring angles. Brain blood pressure was calculated from the effect of gravity on blood pressure at different positions. Results: We found that during the offering of salat, most of the joints and muscles of the body were involved in physical activities with little effort, which probably play a vital role in cerebral blood flow and postural reflexes.
Conclusion:The physical activities involved in the performance of salat helps in the rehabilitation process in disabled geriatric patients by improving blood flow and increasing muscoskeletal fitness. The salat prayer involves little effort (standing, bowing, prostration and sitting), has a short duration and is beneficial for mental and physical health. More studies are needed in future to determine the full beneficial effects of the salat prayer on the rehabilitative process of disabled persons.
Abstract.Mecistogaster is a New World genus of Pseudostigmatidae (Odonata) that is poorly studied due to its preference for flying in forest clearings and trails. In Brazil, only one endemic species, Mecistogaster amalia (Burmeister), is known. (Lencioni 2005). M. amalia is a South American species that is characterized by the anterior margin of the hind wing of the male being strongly pronounced, an anteriad at the pseudostigma and a particular circus pattern (Figure 1
We observed the change of levodopa effects on neurological symptoms related to kinds of common enteral feeding products in a Parkinson patient with a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. The first feeding product did not change the resting tremor of extremities and rabbit syndrome. The second one increased these symptoms. Therefore, we replaced the second diet to the first diet and observed that these symptoms were returned to his previous condition. It was speculated that some contents of the enteral nutrient formula modified levodopa effects, thus we studied the changes of neurological symptom during three other feeding products in the patient. One of them worsened the symptoms in the patient and finally we found two feeding products which deteriorated the symptom in the patient. One of the two diets had high concentration of neutral amino acids and the other had rich dietary fibers. Large neutral amino acids and dietary fibers were reported to decrease the absorption of levodopa in the duodenum and the proximal jejunum. We should consider the concentration of large neutral amino acids and dietary fibers of enteral feeding products in a levodopa treated patient with Parkinson's disease.
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