Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) continue to be a concern for our rapidly progressing aging society. Visiting nurses play an important role in community service for individuals with BPSD. The aim of the current study was to develop a visiting nursing practice self-evaluation scale for nurses who care for individuals with BPSD. The study was conducted in two phases. Semi-structured interviews were arranged to generate a draft scale that was further examined by an expert panel. A national survey was performed using the draft scale and two existing scales. Four factors and 22 items were obtained from exploratory factor analysis: (a) assessment and response factors related to BPSD, (b) interventions for reducing family care burdens, (c) nonpharmacological approaches, and (d) attitudes in trying to understand a patient's intentions. Reliability and validity were verified. The scale is useful for improving visiting nursing services for individuals with dementia. [ Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13 (1), 49–60.]
Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? Much research has been conducted on the relationship between recovery orientation and people diagnosed with mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and mood disorders. A recovery‐oriented approach by mental health professionals can reduce hospital stays and medical costs for people diagnosed with mental illness. There are similarities and differences between recovery‐oriented approaches for individuals diagnosed with dementia and those diagnosed with mental illness. This reflects the characteristics of irreversible dementia. Although dementia courses at recovery colleges are increasing, dementia recovery is in its infancy and course content varies. The core of the recovery framework for individuals diagnosed with dementia is ‘Continue to be me’. Recovery‐oriented approaches and programmes have been developed by mental health workers for older adults, including those with dementia, but there are no outcome measures that reflect the characteristics of dementia care. What the paper adds to existing knowledge? We developed a scale to assess nurses' recovery orientation in dementia care, which has been found to be reliable, and although some validity issues remain, it is the first scale to objectively assess recovery orientation in dementia care. The emphasis is on helping people diagnosed with dementia maintain their identity, which is not adequately covered by existing measures of recovery. What are the implications for practice? The ability to objectively assess recovery orientation in dementia care allows us to identify areas of inadequacy. It can be used to reduce variation in the content of recovery college courses and as an indicator for evaluating training in recovery‐oriented approaches to dementia care. Abstract Introduction Programmes regarding recovery‐oriented approaches for older people, including those with dementia, have been developed, but there are no clear indicators, and the process is still in its infancy. Purpose We developed a scale to assess nurses' recovery orientation in dementia care. Methods A draft of a 28‐item scale was developed based on interviews with 10 nurses, skilled in dementia care with a Japanese mental health perspective, and a literature review. A self‐administered questionnaire was developed for nurses working in a dementia ward, and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test for convergent and discriminant validity. The Recovery Attitude Questionnaire was used to examine criterion‐related validity. Results An exploratory factor analysis produced a 19‐item scale and identified five factors (KMO value: 0.854). The Cronbach's alpha for the overall scale was .856, with each subfactor showing a range of .742–.792, validating its reliability. Discussion The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the five‐factor construct. Reliability was verified, but some issues remained in convergent and discriminant validity. Implications for Practice This scale can be u...
Background & Aim: Many patients with dementia experience sleep-related issues. However, the nursing practices that address those issues are unclear. Therefore, to develop a self-assessment scale of nursing practices to improve sleep quality in patients with dementia taking sleep medication and confirm its validity and reliability. Methods & Materials: In this mixed-methods study, qualitative research was conducted by interviewing six expert-level nurses with a wealth of experience in caring for patients with dementia; then, quantitative survey questions were administered. The preliminary scale was created and evaluated its face validity. This quantitative study was conducted using questionnaire surveys among nurses with psychiatric ward experience employed at dementia treatment centers across Japan. Data from 525 nurses were used to verify the validity and reliability of the scale. Results: Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a three-factor, 16-item scale. Criterion validity was confirmed by calculating correlation coefficients with existing scales (the self-evaluation scale of oriented problem-solving behavior in nursing practice) as external criteria (r= 0.574, p< .05). The sum of scale scores and Cronbach’s α coefficients for the three factors all exceeded 0.7. Conclusion: The development of this scale will improve the quality of nursing practice for patients with dementia who take sleeping pills. Additionally, it provides foundational research on nursing practice for the appropriate use of medications, as it offers evidence that nurses participate in drug treatment.
In agricultural canals, the plate thickness of steel sheet piles decreases locally in the tidal zone and the cross section is lost. Degradation of structural performance can lead to the occurrence of sudden accidents. It is necessary to evaluate the corrosion condition and thickness of steel sheet piles by periodic investigation. In this paper, the thickness of the steel sheet piles is evaluated by machine learning of digital images (RGB images and infrared images) taken by UAV. As a result, the random forest algorithm can be used to determine whether the plate thickness of the steel sheet piles is greater than the corrosion allowance or not (accuracy: 0.828). A particularly useful parameter is the difference value of infrared temperature between 14:00 and 17:30. Therefore, the plate thickness of steel sheet piles can be evaluated by acquiring infrared images at two time points with large temperature differences.
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