In order to study the difference of cadmium (Cd) accumulation in three species of Solanum, the Cd accumulation characteristics of Solanum nigrum L., Solanum alatum Moench and Solanum nigrum L. var. humile (Bernh.) C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang were studied by pot experiment under the condition of Cd concentration of 10 mg/L. The results showed that the biomass of all parts of S. nigrum was significantly higher than that of other Solanum species, while the rank order of the Cd content of the Solanum species was as follows: S. nigrum var. humile > S. alatum > S. nigrum. The amount of Cd extracted by the Solanum species observed significant difference, and the amount of Cd extracted by the stems, leaves and shoots of S. alatum was significantly higher than other Solanum species, indicating that S. alatum had the best repair effect on Cd-contaminated soil.
In order to study the effect of mutual intercropping tomato on soil enzyme activity and available selenium content in selenium-containing soil, cherry tomatoes of red, yellow and purple varieties were selected for pairwise and three intercrops in this experiment respectively. The results showed that the activities of sucrase, phosphatase and urease in soil were increased after the three kinds of tomato were intercropped with each other, and the highest soil enzyme activity was found when red and purple tomatoes were mixed. Soil pH reached the maximum when three tomatoes were mixed. The content of available selenium in soil after intercropping tomato was higher than monoculture, and the content of available selenium was the highest when red and yellow tomatoes were mixed. Therefore, intercropping could improve the soil microecological environment, increase soil enzyme activity and increase available selenium content in tomato rhizosphere soil.
In this experiment, Qingcui plum in Xuanhan County of Dazhou City was used as the material. Aiming at the problem of fruit cracking, the cracking rate of different prevention measures was investigated by surface mulching, root irrigation, and foliar spraying of three different Ca fertilizers. The cell growth rate and cell wall composition were determined. The results showed that surface mulching and foliar spraying had significant effects on reducing fruit cracking rate; root irrigation greatly aggravating fruit cracking; the effect of foliar spraying calcium glycol was significantly better than that of foliar spraying calcium nitrate and calcium amino acid. During the second rapid fruit expansion period, the growth rate of pulp cells was always higher than that of pericarp cells, the pectin content of the fruit showed a downward trend, and the pectin content of the cracked fruit was significantly lower than that of the normal fruit; the cellulose content of the cracked fruit was significantly lower than that of the normal fruit. Therefore, the fruit cracking may be caused by the uncoordinated growth of pulp and peel, and the lack of pectin and cellulose.
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