The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in tbis publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore frec for general use.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

From in situ observation of X-ray diffraction of Ni and Pd under a high hydrogen pressure (≃5 GPa) and temperatures (≤800°C), anomalous lattice contraction of the hydride was found to occur in 2∼3 h. This contraction, amounting to ∼0.5 Å3 per a metal atom, remained in the recovered specimen even after the hydrogen was removed by heating to 400°C, but was annealed out at 800°C. The concentration of vacancies responsible for this effect is estimated at ∼20% of metal-atom sites. Anomalous concentration dependence of the hydrogen-induced volume and enhanced diffusion of metal atoms are explained in terms of this effect.

No abstract

Parasites have developed a variety of physiological functions necessary for their survival within the specialized environment of the host. Using metabolic systems that are very different from those of the host, they can adapt to low oxygen tension present within the host animals. Most parasites do not use the oxygen available within the host to generate ATP, but rather employ systems anaerobic metabolic pathways. The enzymes in these parasite-specific pathways are potential targets for chemotherapy.Cyanide-insensitive trypanosome alternative oxidase (TAO) is the terminal oxidase of the respiratory chain of long slender bloodstream forms of the African trypanosome, which causes sleeping sickness in human and nagana in cattle. TAO has been targeted for the development of anti-trypanosomal drugs because it does not exist in the host. Recently, we found the most potent inhibitor of TAO to date, ascofuranone, a compound isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus, Ascochyta visiae.

No abstract