The development of advanced energy storage devices is at the forefront of research geared towards a sustainable future. Nanostructured materials are advantageous in offering huge surface to volume ratios, favorable transport features, and attractive physicochemical properties. They have been extensively explored in various fields of energy storage and conversion. This review is focused largely on the recent progress in nanostructured Mo-based electrode materials including molybdenum oxides (MoO(x), 2 ≤ x ≤ 3), dichalconides (MoX2, X = S, Se), and oxysalts for rechargeable lithium/sodium-ion batteries, Mg batteries, and supercapacitors. Mo-based compounds including MoO2, MoO3, MoO(3-y) (0 < y < 1), MMo(x)O(y) (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Ca, Mn, Zn, Mg, or Cd; x = 1, y = 4; x = 3, y = 8), MoS2, MoSe2, (MoO2)2P2O7, LiMoO2, Li2MoO3, etc. possess multiple valence states and exhibit rich chemistry. They are very attractive candidates for efficient electrochemical energy storage systems because of their unique physicochemical properties, such as conductivity, mechanical and thermal stability, and cyclability. In this review, we aim to provide a systematic summary of the synthesis, modification, and electrochemical performance of nanostructured Mo-based compounds, as well as their energy storage applications in lithium/sodium-ion batteries, Mg batteries, and pseudocapacitors. The relationship between nanoarchitectures and electrochemical performances as well as the related charge-storage mechanism is discussed. Moreover, remarks on the challenges and perspectives of Mo-containing compounds for further development in electrochemical energy storage applications are proposed. This review sheds light on the sustainable development of advanced rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors with nanostructured Mo-based electrode materials.

With the shortage of fossil energy and global climate change, renewable energy sources offer the most promise to these challenges. However, the intermittence of energy sources such as solar and wind requires sustainable energy-storage technologies. Nowadays, electrochemical energy-storage technologies and applications have attracted much attention, including portable electric devices, electric vehicles and smart power grids.Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely applied in these areas because of their safety, portability and high energy density. Nevertheless, the resources of lithium are limited and the vast consumption of lithium has pushed up the price of lithium compounds, urging people to search for resourceful materials. Sodium can be a promising alternative for its high abundance and low cost. Furthermore, titanium-based materials have become a hotspot of anode materials in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), taking advantages of their high 2 safety and structural stability. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on Tibased anode materials for SIB applications. We highlight the design and engineering of the Ti-based nanoarchitectures, especially emphasize on the effective enhancement in performance and the related sodium-storage mechanism. 3 elements on earth. Sodium becomes a suitable candidate due to the high abundance and low cost as well as the similar redox potential to lithium (ENa+/Na = -2.7 V versus standard hydrogen electrode, only 0.3 V above that of lithium). In fact, the research on sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is not newly developed. The discovery of high-temperature solid-state sodium conductors shed light on sodium electrochemistry. 3 After that, sodium batteries operating at high temperature attracted much attention with the discovery of NASICON. 4 Several decades later, along with the investigation of LIBs in the 1980s, the concept of SIBs was put forward. 5 Whereas LIBs received rapid progress and advanced technology, SIBs faded out researchers' sight gradually.In the past few years, ambient-temperature SIBs with intercalation materials have gone through a revitalization due to the sustainable advantages and large-scale applications.Plenty of cathodes for SIBs have been studied while suitable anode materials are quite limited. 6, 7 Although graphite is widely used as the anode in commercialized LIBs, it shows poor capacity performance in SIBs. Attempts have been made to modify graphite, but there are still some problems demanding solutions. 8 Ti-based materials, including titanium dioxide and a series of Ti-containing compounds, have been widely investigated in photocatalysis, solar cells, and water splitting. In particular, owing to the exceptional chemical durability and crystalline structural diversity, Ti-based materials such as TiO2 [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and Li4Ti5O12 17-20 have now been recently explored in energy-storage areas. In this review, we focus on the recent progress on nanostructured Ti-based anode materials for SIBs. The enhanced performances through ...

BiOI nanosheets are easily synthesized by direct thermal treatment of commercial BiI3 powder, serving as a novel anode material for lithium-ion batteries. A high volumetric capacity of ∼5678 mA h cm(-3) was achieved. This work demonstrates that the BiOI nanosheets hold great promise as high-energy anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Solid‐state electrolytes that can meet the requirements of high‐safety lithium batteries at high temperature aroused much attention in electrochemical energy storage.Nevertheless, the low ionic conductivity at ambient temperature and poor mechanical strength limit their practical applications. Through unitized configurationdesign, herein, a unique safe and flexible composite polymer electrolyte membrane comprising of inorganic ceramic particles (Li6.75La3Zr1.75Nb0.25O12, LLZNO), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) are fabricated. Benefitting from the strongly coupled effects via interfacial chemical reactions and the synergistic effects between LLZNOand PVDF, the LLZNO‐based composite electrolyte wetted by ionic liquid exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 1.5 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 °C. Moreover, the electrolyte is able to be thermally stable at relatively high temperatures. A LiFePO4 (+) // Li (−) lithium battery using the as‐prepared LLZNO‐based composite electrolyte achieves a good electrochemical stability at ambient temperature, 80 °C and even 120 °C. This work provides an effective way to the fabrication of high‐performance, flexible electrolyte membranes for lithium batteries and other energy‐storage devices that are capable of working over a wide range of temperatures

Aqueous Zn-based energy-storage devices have aroused much interest in recent years. However, uncontrollable dendrite growth in the Zn anode significantly limits their cycle life. Moreover, the poor low-temperature performance arising from the freezing of aqueous electrolytes at sub-zero temperatures restricts their practical applications in cold regions. Here, we fabricated low-temperature-tolerant and durable Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) via modulating a co-solvent water/ethylene glycol electrolyte. The interaction of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between water and ethylene glycol as well as cation solvation was systematically investigated by tuning the co-solvent composition. The results illustrate that the ZnSO 4 /water/ethylene glycol (65%) electrolyte possesses high ionic conductivity at low temperatures and effectively prevents the dendrite formation of the Zn anode. The as-fabricated ZHSCs exhibit long-term cyclability and are capable of working at sub-zero temperatures as low as −40°C. The present ZHSCs are anti-freezing and cost-effective, which may find new applications in the fields of next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.