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Scheme of the MnO2 NP-mediated fluorescence turn-off-on process of CDs with MnO2 NPs and GSH.

Mg2+ doped nanoscale Cu–Mg/ZnO catalysts prepared by the co-precipitation method have been systematically characterized focusing on the amount of Mg2+ ions incorporated.

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A scheme of the construction of a CPs@MnO2–AgNP nanocomposite for GSH sensing and cancer theranostics.

The human body requires iodine to develop and maintain proper metabolic balance. Worldwide, iodine deficiency affects two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disability. Small amounts of iodine are needed for good health. However, large doses can eventually cause iodide goitre, hypothyroidism or myxedema. Children are especially sensitive to the effects of iodine. Because humans can be exposed to iodide via several different food chains, the development of on-site, real-time and reliable sensors for iodide is of great interest to ensure early diagnosis and improve management. We propose here a simple and low cost, yet sensitive and selective fluorescent ‘turn-off-on’ assay for rapid determination of iodide based on a combined carbon nanodots (CDs) and Hg2+ system. The fluorescence of CDs that was quenched by Hg2+ was restored and ‘turned on’ in the presence of iodide, which triggered a competitive reaction among CDs, Hg2+ and iodide. The recovered fluorescence intensity varied linearly with the concentration of iodide in the range of 0.05–5 μmol L–1, with a limit of detection as low as 46 nmol L–1. This approach shows excellent selectivity for iodine over the other anions.

In this paper, mesoporous monometallic Cu catalysts reinforced by the Al 3 + dopants with different chemical features were successfully synthesized by controlling the preparation process. The N 2 -Adsorption/Desorption, XRD, H 2 -TPR, SEM, TEM, H 2 -TPD and XPS were conducted to explore the structure evolution of the as-synthesized samples focusing on the interface effect between Cu nano-particles (NPs) and Al 3 + dopants. It is found that the precipitants used for preparing precursors show drastically effect on the Al 3 + chemical form and Cu/Al bonding manners of the as-synthesized CuAl catalysts, further determining the resultant physicochemical properties and catalytic behavior in dimethyl oxalate (DMO) hydrogenation. In gasphase DMO hydrogenation, 98.0 % ethylene glycol (EG) and 90.0 % ethanol (EtOH) yield from DMO selective hydrogenation can be achieved over the CuAl catalyst by regulating the reaction temperature. The correlation between the catalytic behavior and physicochemical features shows that the surface Cu + sites generated in the Cu/(hydr)oxide interface should be essential for DMO selective hydrogenation in presence of the adequate Cu 0 sites. Additionally, the CuÀ OÀ Al patterns in the Cu/Al interface intend to promote more electron transferred from the Al 3 + dopants to Cu species through the O bridging, facilitating the CuAl(O) stronger Cu/Al interaction than that of the CuAl(C) catalyst in form of CuÀ AlÀ OH mode. Thus, the Cu NPs growth of the CuAl(O) catalyst was effectively retarded, favoring enhanced catalytic stability.

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