In hydraulic equipment, tip clearance may result in a leakage vortex known as a tip clearance leakage vortex (TLV), which reduces the machinery’s energy efficiency. In order to lessen the damage brought on by tip clearance, this research sets the angle, location, spacing, and depth of the grooves as significant criteria. The orthogonal approach is used to design the hydrofoil’s grooves. Numerous simulations are carried out using the SST k-turbulence model and the wideband noise source model. The results demonstrate how closely the numerical simulation matches what was seen in the experiments. The results demonstrate that grooves are a successful method for lowering TLV when compared to the original hydrofoil. The vortex area of the hydrofoil is reduced by 4.15% under the M5 design compared to the original hydrofoil. The groove significantly alters the dipole noise distribution of the hydrofoil’s leading edge in comparison to the original hydrofoil, resulting in a reduced decibel noise level at the hydrofoil’s tip clearance region. In comparison to the original hydrofoil, the average Curle APL of M5 and M8 decreased by 1.78 and 1.65%, respectively. Due to the way the groove blocks the TLV and muffles the noise it generates, M5 is in the optimum operational condition.
The noise characteristics of NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance are discussed. Select SST k- ω Turbulence model and Schnerr Sauer cavitation model simulate tip leakage cavitation flow. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the original records, and the tip clearance reduces the energy characteristics of the hydrofoil. With the expansion of tip clearance model, TLV and cavitation compressive strength gradually decrease. In addition, the study of far-field noise shows that the nonspecific curve of the total noise coefficient of far-field noise shows a disc shaped symmetric structure. Compared with the original hydrofoil, when the tip clearance is 20 mm, the far-field dipole noise value at 170 ° angle is reduced by 17.68%. Tip clearance reduces offline and far-field noise. Far field noise decreases with the increase of tip clearance model.
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