High intensity ultrasound (HIU) was used to change the crystallization behavior, generate small crystals, and improve the texture of a low saturated shortening (interesterified soybean oil). Samples were crystallized at different temperatures (26, 28, 30, and 32 °C) without and with the application of HIU. Different acoustic power levels (110, 72, 61, 54, and 44 W) were used. Results show that higher acoustic powers had a greater effect on crystal size reduction, induced crystallization, and generated harder, more elastic and viscous materials. These effects were more significant when HIU was applied in the presence of crystals and when the sample was crystallized at 32 °C.

High-intensity ultrasound (HIU) was used in a continuous system to change the crystallization behavior of palm oil. Different power levels (75, 110, and 180 W) and pulse durations (continuous application and 5, 10, and 15 s pulses) were used to optimize sonication conditions. Results showed that HIU applied at low power level (75 W) was the most efficient condition in inducing palm oil crystallization at 35 °C, generating a crystalline network with higher solid fat content (SFC), higher elasticity, and sharper melting profile after 60 min of crystallization. Changes in elasticity observed as a consequence of sonication were maintained after tempering the samples at 25 °C for 24 h, but were lost after tempering at 5 °C. No significant differences (α = 0.05) were observed in SFC values of the sonicated and nonsonicated samples after tempering, whereas the sharper melting behavior observed in the sonicated sample was maintained after tempering.

High-oleic low-linolenic acid soybean oil (HOLLSB, Plenish ® ) is an emerging new oil with projections of rapid expansion in the USA. HOLLSB has important technological advantages, which are expected to drive a gradual replacement of commodity oils used in food applications such as soybean oil. A key technological advantage of HOLLSB is its relatively high oxidation stability. This oxidation stability is the result of a favorable fatty acid composition, high (76%) oleic acid, low linoleic (6.7%), and alpha-linolenic (1.6%) acids, and high concentration of tocopherols (936 ppm) after refining, enriched with the gamma-homolog (586 ppm). A detailed analysis of the fatty acid composition of this HOLLSB by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed the identification and structural determination of 9-cis-heptadecenoic acid (or 17:1n-8).

Background: Previous researches have reported that donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) provides a new approach for the treatment of hematological malignancies and some solid tumors. The present study was designed to discuss the antitumor effect on mice with melanoma and possible involvement of the mechanism of haploidentical DLI in CB6F1 mice→CC3HF1 mice (F1→F1) mouse model. Methods: An F1→F1 haploidentical infusion model was established. CB6F1 mice (H-2b/d) bearing melanoma were used as recipients. CC3HF1 mice (H-2d/k) were used as donors. Changes in tumor volume and mice survival, host-derived lymphocytes proliferation, cytotoxicity, donor cell survival in vivo, histopathological examination of important organs, and the secretion Th1/Th2 cytokines were analyzed. Results: Irradiated haploidentical DLI combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) chemotherapy induced an antitumor effect on mice with melanoma using the F1→F1 infusion model. Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) was not obvious in any DLI-treated groups. Donor lymphocytes disappeared within 5 days after infusion, while the antitumor effect continued to be observed. Moreover, the DLI-treated groups showed a significant increase in the secretion of Th1 cytokines, including IFN-γ and IL-2, and an enhanced proliferation of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes and NK cells. Conclusions: Irradiated haploidentical DLI without bone marrow transplantation offers a safe, feasible, and effective approach in the treatment of melanoma.