Automated guided vehicle (AGV) is a logistics transport vehicle with high safety performance and excellent availability, which can genuinely achieve unmanned operation. The use of AGV in intelligent warehouses or unmanned warehouses for sorting can improve the efficiency of warehouses and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. In this paper, a multi-objective mathematical model was developed and integrated with two adaptive genetic algorithms (AGA) and a multi-adaptive genetic algorithm (MAGA) to optimize the task scheduling of AGVs by taking the charging task and the changeable speed of the AGV into consideration to minimize makespan, the number of AGVs used, and the amount of electricity consumption. The numerical experiments showed that MAGA is the best of the three algorithms. The value of objectives before and after optimization changed by about 30%, which proved the rationality and validity of the model and MAGA.
The process of ecosystem service value evaluation has developed from the use of a single economic value that only accounts for material products to an assessment of ecological value and the value of ecosystem services. However, due to the complexity of ecosystems and different understandings of ecosystem service values, different classification methods of ecosystem services and service values have been developed internationally, and this has resulted in a lack of clarity regarding the correlation between ecosystem service value and various ecosystems. The correspondence between the system and each value type is not clear; therefore, based on an analysis of the inadequacy of domestic and foreign ecosystem service classification systems and methods, this study constructed a new accounting framework for non-monetary ecosystem service functions based on emergy analysis and integrated monetary accounting methods. The practical application of the method was also researched. The research results re-classified the value of ecosystem services, established an accounting method for various ecosystem service values, clarified the principle of addition in accounting, and avoided double counting. In the empirical analysis, a large number of correlation coefficients, parameters, and index values found in the foreign literature were used, so, our method also has value for international use.
Presently concepts and methods related to water resources conservation of mountain rivers are seriously insufficient, and its level is far from being adaptable to the development of a harmonious society. As mountain ecosystems play a key role in water resources conservation of mountain rivers, and the characteristics of mountain ecosystems and hydrologic features of mountain river follow strong temporal and spatial distribution, partition theory can be applied to the water resources conservation of mountain river. This theory observes the following partition principles: regional relativity, spatial continuity, integralcounty, meeting management needs, hierarchical principle, and comparability principle. And it lays equal emphasis on both water resources conservation and environmental protection, on both water quality conservation and water quantity protection, on the combination of water features, water cycle and water pollution. In the partition methods, index method and map superposition method will be applied in region partition. The example of region partition of water resources conservation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River shows that the partition theory is practicable in water resources conservation of mountain rivers, and it provides a platform for future study in water resources conservation.
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