In this paper we present an evolution of our derivation of the shell-model effective Hamiltonian, namely introducing effects of three-body contributions. More precisely, we consider a three-body potential at next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory, and the induced three-body forces that arise from many-body correlations among valence nucleons. The first one is included, in the derivation of the effective Hamiltonian for one-and two-valence nucleon-systems, at first order in the many-body perturbation theory. Namely, we include only the three-body interaction between one or two valence nucleons and those belonging to the core. For nuclei with more than two valence particles, both induced-turned on by the two-body potential-and genuine three-body forces come into play. Since it is difficult to perform shell-model calculations with three-body forces, these contributions are estimated for the ground-state energy only. In order to establish the reliability of our approximations, we focus attention on nuclei belonging to the p shell, aiming to benchmark our calculations against those performed with the ab initio no-core shell-model. The obtained results are satisfactory, and pave the way to the application of our approach to nuclear systems with heavier masses.

Gamow shell model (GSM) is usually performed within the Woods-Saxon (WS) basis in which the WS parameters need to be determined by fitting experimental single-particle energies including their resonance widths. In the multi-shell case, such a fit is difficult due to the lack of experimental data of cross-shell single-particle energies and widths. In this paper, we develop an abinitio GSM by introducing the Gamow Hartree-Fock (GHF) basis that is obtained using the same interaction as the one used in the construction of the shell-model Hamiltonian. GSM makes use of the complex-momentum Berggren representation, then including resonance and continuum components. Hence, GSM gives a good description of weakly bound and unbound nuclei. Starting from chiral effective field theory and employing many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) (called nondegenerateQ-box folded-diagram renormalization) in the GHF basis, a multi-shell Hamiltonian (sd-pf shells in this work) can be constructed. The single-particle energies and their resonance widths can also been obtained using MBPT. We investigated 23−28 O and 23−31 F isotopes, for which multi-shell calculations are necessary. Calculations show that continuum effects and the inclusion of the pf shell are important elements to understand the structure of nuclei close to and beyond driplines.

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Three-nucleon force and continuum play important roles in reproducing the properties of atomic nuclei around driplines. Therefore it is valuable to build up a theoretical framework where both effects can be taken into account to solve the nuclear Schrödinger equation. To this end, in this letter, we have expressed the chiral three-nucleon force within the continuum Berggren representation, so that bound, resonant and continuum states can be treated on an equal footing in the complex-momentum space. To reduce the model dimension and computational cost, the three-nucleon force is truncated at the normal-ordered two-body level and limited in the sd-shell model space, with the residual three-body term being neglected. We choose neutron-rich oxygen isotopes as the test ground because they have been well studied experimentally, with the neutron dripline determined. The calculations have been carried out within the Gamow shell model. The quality of our results in reproducing the properties of oxygen isotopes around the neutron dripline shows the relevance of the interplay between three-nucleon force and the coupling to continuum states. We also analyze the role played by the chiral three-nucleon force, by dissecting the contributions of the 2π exchange, 1π exchange and contact terms.

One can adopt two-step G-matrix approximations for the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) calculations. The first G-matrix is to soften the bare force, and the second one is to include the high-order correlations of the interaction in medium. The first G-matrix calculation for two-nucleon interaction should be done in the center-of-mass coordinate. As another alternative BHF approach, we have adopted the V low-k technique to soften the interaction and used the G-matrix to include high-order correlations. The V low-k renormalization leads to high-momentum and low-momentum components of the interaction decoupled. With the V low-k potential, we have performed the BHF calculations for finite nuclei. The G-matrix elements with exact Pauli exclusions are calculated in the self-consistent BHF basis. To see effects from further possible correlations beyond BHF, we have simultaneously performed renormalized BHF (RBHF) calculations with the same potential. In RBHF, the mean field derived from realistic forces is modified by introducing the particleoccupation depletion resulting from many-body correlations. The ground-state energies and radii of the closed-shell nuclei, 4 He, 16 O and 40 Ca, have been investigated. The convergences of the BHF and RBHF calculations have been discussed, and compared with other ab-initio calculations with the same potential.