The primary objective of this study was to determine the relative roles of local environmental ( Local ), geo‐climatic ( Geo ), and spatial ( Spatial ) factors to taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic β ‐diversity of stream fish in a large basin in Northeast China. We quantified the current biodiversity patterns of fish communities in the Hun‐Tai River using β ‐diversity. We assessed (i) corresponding contributions of turnover and nestedness within the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic β ‐diversity of fishes; (ii) correlations among β ‐diversity facets (i.e., taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic facets); (iii) relative contributions of Local , Geo , and Spatial factors to β ‐diversity. We collected fish communities from 171 sampling sites. Mantel tests were used to examine the correlation of three facets of β ‐diversity and their components (i.e., total, nestedness, and turnover). Distance‐based redundancy analysis and variation partitioning assess the relative contributions of Local , Geo , and Spatial factors to β ‐diversity. We found that turnover is the main driving mechanism for β ‐diversity in fish. Among the facets of β ‐diversity, taxonomic and phylogenetic facets have strong ecological information association. Spatial factors have a general contribution to various facets of β ‐diversity and its components. From aspects of fish β ‐diversity conservation, connectivity and habitat heterogeneity need to be maintained in the entire aquatic environment. In addition, protecting taxonomic β ‐diversity is helpful for maintaining phylogenetic β ‐diversity.
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