research on collaborative care might further contribute to clinicians addressing mental disorders as noncommunicable disorders. 8 Finally, neurogenetics research has focused on user perspectives, and is often funded by family advocates. Global mental health is increasingly encouraging user participation in research and advocacy, and can usefully lobby for both discovery and delivery research priorities. 9 Engagement of global mental health and neurogenetics researchers could face impediments. Scale-up of efficacious interventions might have immediate benefits, but the time from genetic discovery to clinical utility is long. Genetic testing is used in neuropsychiatry in resourcerich clinical settings; extension of genetic testing to African populations might be facilitated by combining discovery, clinical genetic testing, return of results, and genetic counselling. 10 Comorbidity of mental disorders is challenging for both global mental health researchers and neurogeneticists. Research in under-resourced countries on interventions for comorbid conditions is at an early stage, and although neurogenetics studies have shown genetic overlap across mental disorders, pleiotropic effects are not well understood. The fields of global mental health and neurogenetics are both cognisant of translation challenges. In global mental health, to go from efficacy trials to scale-up, multiple issues need to be addressed, including buy-in, training and supervision, quality maintenance, monitoring, and finance. There are analogous challenges for the field of neurogenetics in moving from laboratory findings to clinical application. Both fields must emphasise that mental health research is underfunded and that greater investment will substantially pay-off over time.Discovery research has shown that the story of humans begins in Africa and, with population growth, genetic research on the continent will become increasingly crucial. There has, however, been an imbalance in health research with 90% of all research emerging from highincome countries, in which only 10% of the world live. Greater engagement between global mental health and neurogenetics in Africa (figure) might be valuable in redressing this research imbalance.DJS has received research grants, consultancy honoraria, or both from Lundbeck and Sun. All other authors declare no competing interests.

The field of mental health nursing has always been special, dynamic, and flexible in terms of enhancing individuals' quality of life. Mental health nursing is all about caring for individuals with mental health disorders with the aim of helping them recover from illness, thereby improving their living conditions. Health Education of mental nursing emphasizes on providing special care to patients and optimally fulfills the clinical outcomes of the patients. It has been widely accepted that mental illness negatively influences the well-being of individuals, irrespective of their age, origin, demography, social status, and economic status. Young patients diagnosed with cancer report that they have a poor quality of life, as they undergo several physical and psychological needs, especially after the surgery and other cancer-related treatments. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect of mental health nursing on nursing young patients with cancer, based on the big data. Thus, the study conducts longitudinal analysis of the data gathered from the young patients with cancer, monitored by mental health nurse, with advanced practice nurse (APN) interventions. Results of the study stated that APN interventions positively impacted the physical as well as psychological needs of the research subjects. Mental nursing interventions resulted in positive clinical outcomes of the patients.

Background Pronounced doctor-patient conflicts and physician attrition in China are thought to be secondary to inadequate training professionalism during medical school. We aimed to explore Chinese medical students and residents' perspectives on professional role formation. Methods This exploratory study consisted of medical students and residents from 85 medical schools and teaching hospitals across China. A questionnaire was distributed for participants to rate 17 items that are important to professional role formation. We did statistical analyses using SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the principal investigator's institution. Findings Of the 1746 medical students and residents included in this study, "morality and codes of behaviour" was viewed as the most important element of professionalism (n=480 [27•5%]), followed by "altruism" (n=427 [24•5%]), "integrity and honesty" (n=293 [16•8%]), "compassion and caring attitudes" (n=124 [7•1%]), and "social accountability" (n=119 [6•8%]). The elements perceived by medical students as most insufficiently taught in school were "integrity and honesty" (37•4% intention-action gap), followed by "morality and codes of behaviour" (24•4% intention-action gap). Interpretation Physicians' professional role formation involves experience and reflection. What defines professionalism might differ between cultures, and this study indicated that Chinese medical society views "morality and codes of behaviour" as the highest value in the profession, although insufficiently taught. Rethinking and remediation of medical education would be helpful to strengthen a societal specific doctor-patient relationship. Funding Republic of China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 105-2629-S-010-001). Contributors LF interpreted the results and wrote the draft. Co-first author ROK interpreted the results and revised the manuscript. APF is the principal investigator, designed the study, interpreted the results, and revised the manuscript. XZ assisted in the interpretation of the results and revision of the paper. YH assisted in the interpretation of the results and revision of the paper. YG assisted in data acquisition and design concept. LH assisted in data acquisition and design concept. DL assisted in data acquisition and design concept. CL assisted in data acquisition and design concept. YR assisted in data acquisition and design concept. BJ assisted in data acquisition and design concept. QC assisted in data acquisition and design concept. All authors have read and approved the manuscript. Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests.

Background China's practitioners are responsible for serving the most populous country in the world. Despite the pronounced shortages of areas, such as general practice and paediatrics, little is known about the discrepancies between supply and demand in each specialty. We aimed to examine China's supply of and demand for health care since 2009 to gain an understanding of the progress that reforms have brought about. Methods We analysed distribution data regarding licensed medical practitioners and patient visits for all clinical departments between 2009 and 2017 using annual reports and yearbooks provided by the Chinese National Health and Family Planning Commission, which are published by the government of China and the Peking Union Medical College. The institutional review board of the principal investigator's institution approved this study.

Background Specialty maldistribution stemming from a lack of preference for certain specialties can substantially impact a country's health-care system. Promoting primary care or addressing the shortages of certain specialties needs a better understanding of the underlying motives that might encourage or discourage medical students to choose certain specialties. We aimed to explore the predominant factors that influence specialty choice in China's medical students and physicians through a nationwide survey. Methods From 2016 to 2017, an electronic survey was distributed to medical students and physicians across all seven administrative regions of China. We used validated instruments including the Job Contentment Questionnaire, the Professionalism Assessment Scale, the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Symptom Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the General Health Questionnaire (Chinese version), and a modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Ethical approval was obtained by the institutional review board of the principal investigator's institution.