This paper presents a novel parallel hybrid transmission for motorcycles. This transmission incorporates a mechanical type rubber V-belt continuously variable transmission and chain drives to combine the power of the two power sources, an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. By using the mechanical type clutches used in the proposed transmission, it can provide a parallel hybrid that can be grouped into four modes of operation: electric motor mode, engine mode, engine/charging mode, and power mode. A design example is built and tested.
Elevators are the essential transportation tools in high buildings so that Elevator Group Control System (EGCS) is developed to dynamically layout the schedule of elevators in a group. In this study, a fuzzy rules based intelligent elevator group control system has been proposed in which the structure of rules including the related parameters are generated optimally based on the traffic data so as to maximize service quality. In literature, the fuzzy related approaches have been applied in EGCS but the fuzzy rules were all pre-defined. However, how to create the most suitable fuzzy rule set in EGCS for dispatching elevators more efficiently and economically are never discussed in literature. The aim of the proposed approach is to minimize the average waiting time at peak hours as well as to minimize the power energy at off-peak hours by using the proposed fuzzy rule based ECGS. Moreover, there are many decision variables are considered in the GCGS to provide the most appropriate elevator assignment whenever any hall call is given. These variables include the number of elevators, traffic flow, direction, passenger preferences (for instance, department stores, hospitals, hotels, and office buildings), congestion and VIP priority floor, etc. In this study, a fuzzy rule based elevator-dispatching approach has been proposed for the EGCS in which the fuzzy rules and related parameters are derived optimally by using genetic algorithm based on the historical elevator transportation data. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed approach is superior to these of traditional approaches in literatures.
A new boost converter without an inductor is proposed for a small-scale wind power generator system. Experiments were carried out to compare the output powers and power conversion efficiencies for the converter without an inductor and the one with an inductor. Experimental results for the converters operated at both constant resistance mode and constant voltage mode were given. It was found that efficiencies for the converter without an inductor and for the one with an inductor are essentially the same. The cost may be reduced since the inductor is not needed in the proposed boost converter without an inductor.
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