No abstract

The extended phase space thermodynamics and heat engines for static spherically symmetric black hole solutions of four dimensional conformal gravity are studied in detail. It is argued that the equation of states (EOS) for such black holes is always branched, any continuous thermodynamical process cannot drive the system from one branch of the EOS into another branch. Meanwhile, the thermodynamical volume is bounded from above, making the black holes always super-entropic in one branch and may also be super-entropic in another branch in certain range of the temperature. The Carnot and Stirling heat engines associated to such black holes are shown to be distinct from each other. For rectangular heat engines, the efficiency always approaches zero when the rectangle becomes extremely narrow, and given the highest and lowest working temperatures fixed, there is always a maximum for the efficiency of such engines.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures. To appear in IJMP

We report on a reverse line blot (RLB) assay, utilizing fungal species-specific oligonucleotide probes to hybridize with internal transcribed spacer 2 region sequences amplified using a nested panfungal PCR. Reference and clinical strains of 16 Candida species (116 strains), Cryptococcus neoformans (five strains of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, five strains of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii, and six strains of Cryptococcus gatti), and five Aspergillus species (68 strains) were all correctly identified by the RLB assay. Additional fungal species (16 species and 26 strains) not represented on the assay did not exhibit crosshybridization with the oligonucleotide probes. In simulated clinical specimens, the sensitivity of the assay for Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. was 10 0.5 cells/ml and 10 2 conidia/ml, respectively. This assay allows sensitive and specific simultaneous detection and identification of a broad range of fungal pathogens.

In the paper, based on recent studies on TT deformation of 2D field theory with supersymmetry, we investigate the deformed correlation functions in N = (1, 1) and N = (2, 2) 2D superconformal field theories. Up to the leading order in perturbation theory, we compute the correlation functions under TT deformation. The correlation functions in these undeformed theories are almost known, and together with the help of superconformal Ward identity in N = (1, 1) and N = (2, 2) theories respectively we can obtain the correlation functions with operator TT inserted. Finally, by employing dimensional regularization, we can work out the integrals in the first order perturbation. The study in this paper extends previous works on the correlation functions of TT deformed bosonic CFT to the supersymmetric case. 1

In this paper, we investigate the correlation functions of the conformal field theory (CFT) with the TT deformation on a torus in terms of the perturbative CFT approach, which is the extension of the previous investigations on correlation functions defined on a plane. We systematically obtain the first-order correction to the correlation functions of the CFTs with a TT deformation in both operator formalism and path integral language. As a consistency check, we compute the deformed partition function, namely, the zero-point correlation function, up to the first order, which is consistent with results in the literature. Moreover, we obtain a new recursion relation for correlation functions with multiple T's andT's inserted in generic CFTs on a torus. Based on the recursion relations, we study some correlation functions of stress tensors up to the first order under TT deformation.

Abstract:The holographic entanglement entropy is studied numerically in (4+1)-dimensional spherically symmetric Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole spacetime with compact boundary. On the bulk side the black hole spacetime undergoes a van der Waals-like phase transition in the extended phase space, which is reviewed with emphasis on the behavior on the temperature-entropy plane. On the boundary, we calculated the regularized HEE of a disk region of different sizes. We find strong numerical evidence for the failure of equal area law for isobaric curves on the temperature-HEE plane and for the correctness of first law of entanglement entropy, and briefly give an explanation for why the latter may serve as a reason for the former, i.e. the failure of equal area law on the temperature-HEE plane.

Group B streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is the most common cause of neonatal and obstetric sepsis and is an increasingly important cause of septicemia in elderly individuals and immunocompromised patients. Epidemiological studies of GBS infections require comprehensive typing systems that provide information about variable characteristics, such as antigenic type, virulence, or antibiotic resistance, as well as the "backbone" structure or the genetic lineage of isolates. We have previously described a 3-set genotyping system that identifies the molecular serotype ( ) were examined by using the 3-set genotyping system. Genotypes were assigned to five isolates that were nontypeable by conventional serotyping. There were 27 "3-set" genotypes, 24 multilocus sequence types (STs), and 35 unique combinations (or strains), of which the 4 most common, msst III-2 (ST-17), msst III-1 (ST-19), Ia-1 (ST-23), and V-1 (ST-1), accounted for more than 60% of isolates. The 83 isolates were grouped into seven clusters, with a good correlation between the multilocus STs and the genotypes. The combination of 3-set genotyping and MLST adds discriminatory power to strain typing of GBS, which will be useful for future studies of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of GBS disease.

No abstract