In the oxidation of n-butane to maleic
anhydride
(MA), increasing temperature leads to increased conversion accompanied
by decreased selectivity to MA; this trade-off effect between selectivity
and conversion of catalysts is important in maximizing the MA yield.
The relationship between the structure and the catalytic performance
is investigated in detail to understand the effects of the nature
of the catalyst on the temperature sensitivity of its performance,
which are neglected in the literature. The analysis of the studied
industrial catalysts reveals differences in the temperature sensitivity,
surface P/V ratio, and the nature and amount of V5+ species.
Furthermore, a series of catalysts with different P/V ratios and different
V5+ species is prepared to confirm the different influences
of structural features on the temperature sensitivity of the catalytic
performance. The results suggest that the surface P/V ratio is negatively
correlated to the temperature sensitivity of n-butane
conversion and MA selectivity, and isolated V5+ species
contribute to the low-temperature sensitivity of MA selectivity while
affecting the temperature sensitivity of n-butane
conversion to a lesser extent. The structural characteristics of VPO
catalysts suitable for partial oxidation of n-butane
to MA in industrial processes are proposed, which provide theoretical
guidance for the development of catalysts.
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