The application of biopolymer based catalyst in catalysis is attracting more and more attention in the field of chemistry. Lignosulfonic acid (LSA), which is an organic waste generated as a byproduct from pulp and papermaking industry, could be serves as a retrievable sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for multicomponent reactions under solvent-free condition, such as one-pot synthesis of benzoxanthenes by condensation reaction of dimedone with aldehyde and 2-naphthol, etc in excellent yields. Furthermore, the as synthesized solid acid catalyst could be used for several cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity. These results clearly show that the lignin-derived catalyst is economic, eco-friendly, and promising for green chemical reaction from low-cost feedstocks and may find wide applications.

With the prevalence of chronic conditions in patients due to a dietary imbalance, the demand for inexpensive, nutritious and high dietary fiber extruded rice is increasing rapidly.

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In this study, we investigated the effect of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) on the yield, structure, and properties of rabbit skin gelatin. Compared to water bath extraction gelatin, short-term (5-30 min) MAE gelatin had better gel properties, which formed gels at a slower rate due to destruction of more hydrogen bonds, but had more powerful triple helix-like structures after a sufficiently long maturity (16-18 h) since more high-molecular-weight subunits were retained. Scanning electron microscope showed that MAE could form numerous holes on the surface of gelatin. This study will be of great significance for high efficiency of gelatin extraction.