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Background: Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) has been proposed as a potential predictor of increased mortality risk at 6 months among Chinese patients with heart failure (HF). However, the current evidence supporting this association is limited. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MPV and HF short-term survival status. The data was obtained from a publicly accessible HF database in Zigong, Sichuan, and included information on 2008 Chinese patients. Baseline MPV was considered as the exposure while HF short-term survival status was the outcome. Two models, a binary logistic regression model and a two-piecewise linear model, were used to analyze the data. Results: The study revealed a U-shaped relationship between MPV and all-cause mortality in HF patients. When MPV levels were less than 9.8, every unit increase in MPV was associated with a 91% reduction (RR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03-0.24; P=0.0001) in the risk of death over the next six months. In contrast, at MPV levels above 9.8, each unit increase in MPV was linked to a 27% increase (RR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.61; P=0.0434) in the probability of dying within the same period. Stratification by obesity status revealed no significant association between MPV and death in the obese population, while the same U-shaped association was observed among non-obese participants. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence of a U-shaped association between MPV and short-term survival in Chinese patients with heart failure. These findings suggest that MPV may serve as a potential prognostic marker for HF. However, further studies are needed to validate these results and to explore the underlying mechanisms of this association. The observed U-shaped association did not apply to obese patients, suggesting that the effect of MPV on mortality risk in HF patients may be influenced by body weight.

BackgroundPrior reports have revealed that basal Cystatin-C (CysC) is positively associated with all-cause death in patients with heart failure (HF). Yet, this positive association is not necessarily generalizable to Chinese HF patients due to methodological limitations and lack of data from Chinese patients.Materials and methodsWe performed secondary data mining based on a retrospective cohort dataset published on the internet. This dataset contains 2008 patients with HF who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province, China from 2016 to 2019. The exposure variable was baseline CysC and the outcome variable was all-cause death on day 28, day 90, and month 6. Covariates were baseline measurements, including demographic data, drug use, comorbidity score, organ function status (heart, kidney), and severity of heart failure.ResultsAmong 1966 selected participants, the mortality rates at 28 days, 90 days and 6 months were 1.83% (36/1966), 2.09% (41/1966) and 2.85% (56/1966) respectively. After adjustment for confounders, the non-linear associations between CysC and all-cause deaths were observed. We calculated the inflection points were about 2.5 mg/L of CysC. On the right of inflection point, each increase of 1 mg/L in CysC was associated with an increase in the risk of 28-day mortality (Relative risk [RR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 3.93; P = 0.0266), 90-day mortality (RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.38 to 4.57; P = 0.003), and 6-month mortality (RR,2.25; 95% CI, 1.37 to 3.70; P < 0.001).ConclusionOur findings suggest that values about 2.5 mg/l of cystatin could be a danger threshold for the short-term risk of death in heart failure. Exceeding this threshold, for every 1 mg/L increase in CysC, the risk of all-cause mortality increased by more than one time.