Introduction: Hearing impairment is one of the commonest congenital disabilities in the world. Early diagnosis is essential to minimize or to prevent the disability. There are many screening methods and protocols for newborn hearing screening. TEOAE has high sensitivity and less time consuming than DPOAE. DPOAE is highly specific but more time consuming than TEOAE. This study aims to compare the accuracy of DPOAE and TEOAE by using ABR evaluation on high risk newborn.
Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to design a mobile robot controller which is able to pursue a given goal with obstacle-avoiding capability in which the two tasks, i.e. aiming at the goal and avoiding obstacles, are fused together in a coherent framework of look-ahead control method. Design/methodology/approach -Navigation toward a goal is typically executed based on global information obtained from GPS. Obstacle avoidance, however, is local in nature, and a higher priority temporarily should be placed on avoiding a collision with the obstacle than taking the shortest path toward the goal. The former is handled by the goal-aiming mode while the latter is dealt with by the obstacle-avoiding mode. These two tasks with different natures are treated under so-called "look-ahead control" by simply changing coordinate frames and associated elements within the same controller. Therefore, continuity and smoothness of the resulting motion and trajectory is maintained throughout its mission. Findings -Two different tasks, goal aiming and collision avoiding, can smoothly be switched back and forth within the same controller by replacing its coordinate frame, decoupling matrix and corresponding reference signals to follow. It is found through simulation and real experiments that the proposed scheme can graciously handle obstacles, static or dynamic, regardless of the number of obstacles. Also, the look-ahead control guarantees smoothness of resulting trajectories. Originality/value -Mobile robot autonomous navigation in outdoor obstructed areas offers challenging study for robot researchers. The vital aspect is to smartly control the mobile robot to move to the desired location autonomously, without colliding with any obstacles. The proposed method provides a stable and robust navigation framework for any kind of mobile robot, especially for outdoor use.
This paper presents a local/global frames switching in outdoor navigation of a four-wheeled mobile robot in an obstructed environment. Two laser range finders are equipped on the mobile robot in order to perform sensor-based obstacle avoidance without any a priori knowledge about its environment. Also, a GPS is mounted on the top of the robot so that the absolute location and the heading angle of the robot are known. The potential field method is utilized to create force fields around obstacles and a goal. Look-ahead control is adopted to steer the mobile robot in which a reference point located in front of the robot is dynamically changed such that the mobile robot is able to successfully maneuver among the obstacles and reach the goal. The proposed algorithm enables the mobile robot to follow the precise trajectory during navigation task under obstructed outdoor environment, despite its significant odometry errors.
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