TiC powders were prepared at low temperature from the TiC system with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a chemical activator. The reaction temperature, phase composition and morphology were determined via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) to explore the reaction mechanism, respectively. The FESEM result shows that TiC powders with average particle size less than 100 nm are synthesized via low-temperature combustion synthesis at 530 ℃ by adding 3wt% PTFE into TiC system. Based on the most intensive diffraction peak (200) of the XRD pattern, the crystallite size of prepared TiC powders is calculated to be about 81 nm by the Scherrer formula, which is close to the average particle size observed from the FESEM image. It indicates that TiC particles consist of a single crystal as the result of fast, low-temperature, solid-state synthesis process. According to DSC results, the combustion synthesis mainly includes two reaction processes. Firstly, the initial reaction between titanium and PTFE particles releases a great amount of heat, and subsequently, the heat induced combustion reaction between titanium and carbon particles.
TiB 2 -TiC composite powders were prepared at low temperature in the Ti-B system with the PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene (polytetrafluoroethylene) as a chemical activator. Reaction temperature, phase composition and morphology were measured via differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) in order to explore the reaction mechanism, respectively. Actual solid-state reaction synthesis experiments were carried out for the same composition in an argon atmosphere furnace. It was found that TiB 2 -TiC composite powder could be synthesized successfully at 550℃ by adding 10wt% PTFE into the initial reactant Ti-B mixture. The FESEM image showed that the average size of the product was smaller than 400 nm. According to differential thermal analysis results, the combustion synthesis mainly includes two reaction processes: firstly, the initial reaction between titanium and PTFE particles resulting in great amounts of heat release; subsequently, the released energy triggers the solid-state reaction between titanium and boron particles to form TiB 2 .
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