Safeguarding biodiversity is an important component of the REDD+ scheme of the United NationsFramework Convention on Climate Change. Information on tree species and their distribution is therefore needed for successful implementation of forestry carbon projects. Forest inventory data were collected in four natural forests located in Popa Mountain Park, Myanmar. Based on the data from 4-ha sample plots, average stem density ranges from 1293 trees ha −1 in dry dipterocarp forest to 804 tree ha −1 in dry evergreen forest. According to the Jackknife estimator for species richness (trees with DBH ≥ 5 cm), the highest number of species was recorded in dry mixed deciduous forest-74 species ha −1 , and the lowest number of species recorded in dry forest-40 species ha −1 . Dry mixed deciduous forest occupied the highest value on the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson diversity index while the lowest was in dry forest, indicating that dry mixed deciduous forest is the most complex whereas dry forest is the simplest community. Not only does this study provide useful information on the current status of vegetation type but the information is important for designing forestry management systems that could result in biodiversity conservation and carbon emission reductions.Y. Y. Aye et al. 1589 * DMDF = dry mixed deciduous forest, DDF= dry dipterocarp forest, DF= dry forest, DHEF = dry hill/evergreen forest, DBH = diameter at breast height, Ht = height, BA = basal area, Vol = volume.
Global efforts in mitigating climate change are increasingly important as more evidence of climate change impact is apparent. Reducing carbon emissions under the United Nations' reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, conservation of carbon stocks, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+) have multiple implications for climate change mitigation and sustainable development. However, implementing REDD+ project requires understanding of the magnitude of emissions in the absence of project activities (baseline) and vice versa (projectline). This study attempted to estimate carbon emission reductions by reducing deforestation in dry mixed deciduous forests in Popa Mountain Park in Myanmar. Baseline deforestation was determined using the 1989-2005 forest cover data, while carbon stocks were derived from forest inventory data. Our results show that about 25% to 63% of forest area in the study site will be lost between 2013 and 2043 if no REDD+ project is implemented. Our study results suggest that managing 4220 ha of dry mixed deciduous forest in Popa Mountain Park could reduce emissions of about 104023.8 -241991.0 tCO2 over a 30-year project cycle or about
This research was conducted in the Katha District of Myanmar to compare the biomass (carbon) allocation of Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W. Theob. and Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz species and to investigate the carbon content of the undergrowth vegetation, litter layer, and soil at these two plantations. A total of 40 trees from both species were selected to estimate the biomass allocation in each component of a tree. The estimated biomass (carbon) allocation for X. xylocarpa was 7.8% in the leaves, 22.2% in the branches, 52.2% in the stems and 17.8% in the roots while the estimated biomass (carbon) allocation for P. macrocarpus was 2.8% in the leaves, 24.4% in the branches, 61.3% in the stems and 11.5% in the roots. The study discovered that the biomass of the trees at the X. xylocarpa plantation (80.4 tons ha 71 ) was higher than that at the P. macrocarpus plantation (77.2 tons ha 71 ). The total carbon content at the P. macrocarpus plantation (130.8 tons ha 71 ) was significantly higher than that at the X. xylocarpa plantation (120.5 tons ha 71 ). Likewise, the mean annual increment (MAI) of the carbon content in the X. xylocarpa plantation was estimated at about 2.7 tons ha 71 while the P. macrocarpus plantation accounted for 2.5 tons ha 71 . This study suggests that it is very important in the management of plantations to focus not only on the planted trees but also on the undergrowth vegetation, litter layer and soil layer, which play a significant role in the stand-level carbon content.
Non-timber forest products were studied by interviewing the informants during the survey trip to the Tanintharyi Nature Reserve located in Dawei Township and Yephyu Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. The land area of the reserve forest is 1700 km2. Bioprospecting of non-timber forest products focusing on rural area development and systematic utilization of natural resources for sustainable development are popular nowadays. The extraction of economically important natural resources, leaving the forest structurally and functionally intact, has derived as an advanced strategy. The present study is the information of non-timber forest resources of Tanintharyi Nature Reserve located in the southern part of Myanmar, conducted from December 2017 to August 2018 by interviewing the informants of botanical folk knowledge. Totally 55 families, 113 genera, and 143 species were recorded as herbal medicines used locally by Dawei and Myeik (ancient Bamar) ethnic groups. This result will be helpful for the systematic search of biochemical and genetic information to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and cosmetics.
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